The Ledger

Every statement that passed quotation and attribution checks. Mix any filter with any other: certainty 1/5, debate potential 5/5, or both at once.

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why aren't all 290 resolved? a statement only gets an assessment when the public record can support or contradict it. opinions and what-ifs never can, and 0 checkable ones are still open, waiting for their date. predictions held up or didn't; assertions are supported or contradicted. on every card: ▮▮▮▮▮ certainty · ▮▮▮▮▮ debate potential. speakers are clickable

Assertion Contradicted
Von Ahn: Knowing English doubles income potential in most countries
“And it turns out that in most countries in the world, if you know English, you can double your income potential.”
Luis von Ahn May 25, 2020 ▶ 35:57 reCAPTCHA and Duolingo: Luis von Ahn
Assertion Contradicted
Creelman asserts there is no real standard for natural flavor additives
“There really is no standard for a natural flavor. There may very well be all of the things you described, but there's no assurance of that.”
Bill Creelman Jan 13, 2020 ▶ 52:44 Spindrift: Bill Creelman
Assertion Contradicted
Flanker brand K&G enabled Men's Wearhouse to raise gross margins 10%
“K&G provides a unique opportunity for an offensive and defensive strategy, and they didn't quite understand what that meant, and so what it means is men's warehouse stores were able to raise the gross profit percentage of By a full 10%, which is a thousand bas…”
George Zimmer Apr 15, 2019 ▶ 40:46 Men's Wearhouse: George Zimmer
Assertion Contradicted
Dollar Shave Club captured 20% to 25% of the non-disposable razor market
“I think that, you know, as of now, there's about 20 to 25% of the men's non-disposable razor market that we have.”
Michael Dubin Dec 17, 2018 ▶ 42:17 Live Episode! Dollar Shave Club: Michael Dubin
Assertion Contradicted
Tom's of Maine pushed the personal care industry to end animal testing
“All the other companies stopped testing on animals, so we had a big influence.”
Tom Chappell Dec 11, 2017 ▶ 14:24 Tom's Of Maine: Tom Chappell
Assertion Contradicted
Chappell: The garment and textile industry is Earth's second-largest polluter
“The textile and the garment industry, because it is the second largest polluter on this earth.”
Tom Chappell Dec 11, 2017 ▶ 27:13 Tom's Of Maine: Tom Chappell
Assertion Contradicted
Schultz: Store retraining shutdown cost Starbucks about $24 million
“I think we estimated about twenty-four million dollars that day, in terms of lost sales and labor.”
Howard Schultz Sep 28, 2017 ▶ 40:41 Live Episode! Starbucks: Howard Schultz
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Zimmer predicted autonomous cars would gradually handle a growing percentage of rides
“An autonomous car is not going to drop out of the sky and be able to do a hundred percent of our trips. That's not real. What's real is that over the next couple years, it'll be able to do A few percent of our trips, 10% of our trips, 50% of our trips.”
John Zimmer Feb 13, 2017 ▶ 31:39 Lyft: John Zimmer
Assertion Contradicted
Systrom: Instagram grew because prior photo apps were closed, friends-only networks
“If you look at every photo service before then, it was basically a closed-only, friends-only network, and we were the first ones to really open that up.”
Kevin Systrom Sep 19, 2016 ▶ 18:51 Instagram: Kevin Systrom & Mike Krieger
Assertion Contradicted
Toast's share of US restaurant sales volume exceeds its location share
“Even though we have 20 plus percent of the restaurants, we actually have more of the sales volume, because the average restaurant that's on toast has more sales than the average restaurant in America”
Aman Narang Jul 20, 2026 ▶ 44:32 Toast: Aman Narang. How a Long Wait for the Dinner Check Launched a $2 Billion Business.
Assertion Contradicted
Scrub Daddy generated $1M in sales the night Shark Tank aired
“We did a million dollars the night the show aired.”
Aaron Krause Mar 16, 2026 ▶ 1:12:39 Scrub Daddy: Aaron Krause. How a Failed Experiment Became a Billion-Dollar Sponge
Assertion Contradicted
Osher: Overhead baby toy arches didn't exist before his Rainbow Toy Bar
“Every, every baby in the world uses some form of this now, but back then it did not exist.”
John Osher Feb 16, 2026 ▶ 18:08 Spinbrush: John Osher. The Electric Toothbrush That Sold for $475M
Assertion Contradicted
Chewy Sells More Pet Supplies in the United States Than Amazon
“I think it's the biggest distributor of pet supplies. I think it's bigger than Amazon when it comes to pet supplies in the U.S.”
Guy Raz Feb 5, 2026 ▶ 39:18 Advice Line with Jon Stein of Betterment
Assertion Contradicted
Philadelphia had no cafes when La Colombe scouted the city
“There were no cafes in the city. You know, it's a city of a million, some people, and there wasn't one cup of coffee.”
Todd Carmichael Jan 12, 2026 ▶ 27:29 La Colombe Coffee Roasters: Todd Carmichael and J.P. Iberti. A Brotherhood Built on Coffee (2020)
Assertion Contradicted
Government forced Winston to pull Baer's cigarette ads for looking 16
“They, in fact, with my Winston ads, the government made them tape my ads down, because I always looked young for my age. They thought I looked 16. And that it was just wrong for my image to encourage children to smoke.”
Meredith Baer Dec 1, 2025 ▶ 16:17 Meridith Baer Home: Meridith Baer. She Started Over at 50 and Put Home Staging on the Map.
Assertion Contradicted
Gymshark found its wedge because no brands targeted bodybuilders and weightlifters
“No one made Clothing specific to bodybuilders and lifters, and it's less even, it was more around the branding. No one sold product that was dedicated to that sort of, that group that we were very much a part of.”
Ben Francis Nov 17, 2025 ▶ 17:12 Gymshark: Ben Francis. From pizza delivery to billion-dollar fitness brand.
Assertion Contradicted
Tolia: NYC had zero billion-dollar consumer internet companies in the mid-2000s
“How many billion dollar Consumer internet companies are there in New York? And at the time the answer was zero.”
Nirav Tolia Sep 15, 2025 ▶ 22:34 Nirav Tolia: Nextdoor. How neighborhood chatter went global
Assertion Contradicted
Chestnut: Mailchimp hit 1M users within one year of freemium
“So you're talking about having, you know, a few 100,000 customers at the time after six years of business. And then within one year of launching freemium, we ballooned to a million users and it just kept growing exponentially after that.”
Ben Chestnut Aug 25, 2025 ▶ 44:38 (July 2021) Ben Chestnut: From Side Business to $12 Billion – The Accidental Triumph of Mailchimp
Assertion Contradicted
Simon Cowell reveals a 1990s hit saw 930,000 first-morning retail reorders.
“And I saw this number, and I went, no, what is the real repeat order this morning? That number was 930,000.”
Simon Cowell Aug 4, 2025 ▶ 36:46 Simon Cowell: Music Mogul
Assertion Contradicted
US Landfill Methane Emissions From Food Waste Far Outstrip Aviation Emissions
“10% of greenhouse gas emissions in the U S comes from methane produced by landfills, which is, which are filled with food waste. It's an order of magnitude higher than what's produced by planes.”
Abhi Ramesh Mar 31, 2025 ▶ 37:46 Misfits Market: Abhi Ramesh
Assertion Contradicted
VCs poured $500M into on-demand valet parking startups
“Half a billion dollars went to fund companies that said we were the relic.”
Mark Lawrence Mar 10, 2025 ▶ 48:07 SpotHero: Mark Lawrence
Assertion Contradicted
In 1993, no one was adding protein to foods besides bars
“But there was no one putting protein in anything other than a protein bar.”
Barry Turner Feb 24, 2025 ▶ 21:17 Lenny & Larry’s Protein Snacks: Barry Turner
Assertion Contradicted
Rubin: At age 21, his business did $120M with $50M debt
“By the time I was... 21. I bet you I owed the bank fifty million dollars. Because I had a business that was doing one hundred twenty million bucks, buying and selling clothes. I always had to finance the inventory and finance the accounts receivable.”
Michael Rubin Jan 27, 2025 ▶ 25:03 Fanatics: Michael Rubin
Assertion Contradicted
Rubin: Believes he was youngest public company CEO in the 1990s
“I think I was the youngest person to ever run a public company at that point, I think, in the world.”
Michael Rubin Jan 27, 2025 ▶ 27:47 Fanatics: Michael Rubin
Assertion Contradicted
Case: In 1985, fewer than a dozen VC firms backed startups
“In the early days when we got started, and AOL was started, as you mentioned, in 1985, it was really, can you raise the money to get launched? And not that many people could. It was, there was only a handful of maybe less than a dozen venture capitalists back …”
Steve Case Dec 19, 2024 ▶ 5:33 Advice Line with Steve Case of AOL
Assertion Contradicted
Black Diamond Was the First Outdoor Company Based in Salt Lake City
“At the time that I looked at Salt Lake, Park City, there was no other outdoor outdoor North ski company here. We would be the first”
Peter Metcalf Oct 28, 2024 ▶ 34:18 Black Diamond Equipment: Peter Metcalf
Assertion Contradicted
Tice: Distrust of artificial sweeteners drove 2008 Coke and Pepsi diet slump
“So in 2008, Coke and Pepsi were experiencing this enormous downturn of diet beverages. And it was really due to the fact that there was enormous consumer distrust of artificial sweeteners.”
Cynthia Tice Sep 30, 2024 ▶ 22:09 Lily’s Sweets: Cynthia Tice
Assertion Contradicted
Ouidad Wise: No commercial curly hair products existed in the 1980s
“And there was nothing for curly hair out there, because the only thing that were out there that people knew how to manage their hair with was to put oil on it.”
Ouidad Wise Jul 8, 2024 ▶ 35:40 Ouidad hair products: Ouidad Wise
Assertion Contradicted
American Apparel Brands Must Rebuild Fragmented Domestic Supply Chains From Scratch
“If you go to China today and you and I want to launch a, let's say, a jacket business, we can go order a 100,000 jackets in pink and 250,000 jackets with a hood in orange, and we can do a turnkey, just write the order. You can't do that domestically. Couldn't …”
Bayard Winthrop Jul 1, 2024 ▶ 32:48 American Giant: Bayard Winthrop
Assertion Contradicted
Haydon: In 2013, Only Soy and So Delicious Coconut Creamers Existed
“The only two options was soy, and so delicious, all coconut.”
Madeline Haydon May 13, 2024 ▶ 17:28 nutpods: Madeline Haydon
Assertion Contradicted
Humanity produces only three commodities at the billion-ton scale
“So it's three things. It's cement, steel, and fossil fuels.”
Shashank Samala Feb 8, 2024 ▶ 10:04 Building a decarbonization army with Shashank Samala of Heirloom
Assertion Contradicted
Lacy: All Solid Tumors Are Harder Than Surrounding Tissue
“All solid tumors are harder than the surrounding tissue.”
Andrew Lacy Dec 7, 2023 ▶ 17:13 Full body preventive health care with Andrew Lacy of Prenuvo
Assertion Contradicted
Lacy: US spends $130B annually on late-stage cancer drugs
“We spend a hundred and thirty billion dollars on late stage cancer drugs every year, let alone the obviously huge impact of people Passing away from this horrible disease.”
Andrew Lacy Dec 7, 2023 ▶ 39:25 Full body preventive health care with Andrew Lacy of Prenuvo
Assertion Contradicted
In 2014, No Belt-Drive Bike Cost Under $1,000
“At the time, I don't think you could find a belt drive bike. Under a thousand dollars.”
Dave Weiner Nov 13, 2023 ▶ 34:00 Priority Bicycles: Dave Weiner
Assertion Contradicted
Vincent Kitirattragarn claims no keto bars existed on the market in 2019
“At the time, there were no keto bars on the market. We're like, wow, this is such a big opportunity.”
Vincent Kitirattragarn Nov 2, 2023 ▶ 5:01 The art of letting go with Vincent and Andrew Kitirattragarn of Dang Foods
Assertion Contradicted
Neurable headphones let users control music playback using brain activity
“So we have the ability to, for example, use brain activity to do Very minimal controls on the hardware as well too. So changing music tracks, play and pausing music.”
Ramses Alcaide Aug 31, 2023 ▶ 13:46 When your headphones listen to you with Ramses Alcaide of Neurable
Assertion Contradicted
Abraham: Orgain Hit $50M in Revenue Before Opening an Office
“We were probably at that point at least fifty million in, in revenue.”
Andrew Abraham Aug 7, 2023 ▶ 59:07 Orgain: Andrew Abraham
Assertion Contradicted
The Black Onyx was the first role-playing video game in Japan
“The Black Onyx was the first role-playing game in Japan”
Henk Rogers Jul 31, 2023 ▶ 8:33 The Tetris Company: Henk Rogers
Assertion Contradicted
Ally Svenson: Flat-rate pizza pricing with unlimited toppings was an industry first
“And no, that had never been done before in pizza.”
Ally Svenson Jul 24, 2023 ▶ 1:01:01 MOD Pizza & Seattle Coffee Company: Scott and Ally Svenson
Assertion Contradicted
U.S. military lost more personnel on Iraq supply lines than front lines
“We lost more people on the supply line than we did on the front line in, in Iraq.”
Chris Urmson Jul 20, 2023 ▶ 8:30 When trucks drive themselves with Chris Urmson of Aurora
Assertion Contradicted
Only 15 to 20 people globally have founded two multi-billion-dollar companies
“So there's probably, you know, 15 or 20 people on the planet who can say that they've successfully started two multi-billion dollar companies.”
Andy Katz-Mayfield Jun 12, 2023 ▶ 1:11:21 Harry’s Razors: Andy Katz-Mayfield and Jeff Raider
Assertion Contradicted
Landed Helped California Design the Dream for All Housing Program
“State of California just announced California Dream for All, the biggest shared appreciation program ever. And that was something that we helped them design and they saw our work and said, hey, how, what if the state tried to scale something like this?”
Alex Lofton May 11, 2023 ▶ 34:38 HIBT Lab! Landed: Alex Lofton
Assertion Contradicted
Xero Shoes created the first outsole specifically designed for barefoot running
“These guys helped us with the initial design for what was actually the first outsole specifically designed for barefoot style running”
Lena Phoenix Mar 13, 2023 ▶ 47:51 Xero Shoes: Steven Sashen and Lena Phoenix
Assertion Contradicted
Tarte was the first cosmetics brand to use fabric packaging
“So I got the packaging from a pack, a packaging company that I found and talked them into doing this amazing lavender fabric packaging. No one in the industry had ever done it. We were the first ever.”
Maureen Kelly Jan 23, 2023 ▶ 23:21 Tarte Cosmetics: Maureen Kelly
Assertion Contradicted
Scaringe: Rivian's electric pickup is faster than most hypercars
“So our pickup is faster than most hyper cars.”
RJ Scaringe Sep 12, 2022 ▶ 1:09:35 Rivian: RJ Scaringe
Assertion Contradicted
Veksler: US inclusive-size apparel market is about $100 billion
“It's about a hundred billion dollar market, and that's just in the U.S. Just in the U.S.”
Polina Veksler Aug 11, 2022 ▶ 16:25 HIBT Lab! Universal Standard: Polina Veksler
Assertion Contradicted
Visram: Happy Family launched the world's first probiotic baby food
“So we launched the first ever baby food in the world that had probiotics.”
Shazi Visram Jul 4, 2022 ▶ 47:10 Happy Family Organics: Shazi Visram (2020)
Assertion Contradicted
Visram: Happy Family was first baby food pouch brand in Whole Foods, Target
“Ok, so we were the first brand of baby food and pouches in Whole Foods and Target.”
Shazi Visram Jul 4, 2022 ▶ 52:02 Happy Family Organics: Shazi Visram (2020)
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