The Ledger

Every statement that passed quotation and attribution checks. Mix any filter with any other: certainty 1/5, debate potential 5/5, or both at once.

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why aren't all 2,795 resolved? a statement only gets an assessment when the public record can support or contradict it. opinions and what-ifs never can, and 0 checkable ones are still open, waiting for their date. predictions held up or didn't; assertions are supported or contradicted. on every card: ▮▮▮▮▮ certainty · ▮▮▮▮▮ debate potential. speakers are clickable

Assertion Supported
Jennings: Block's >40% RIF heavily targeted software developers over sales
“We did a reduction in force that was, you know, slightly greater than 40%. And that wasn't even you know, to the conversation we were just having, the tools were flowing through really meaningfully on the development side. And so the cuts were way larger on th…”
Owen Jennings Apr 1, 2026 ▶ 4:23 How to Reorg After AI Changes Everything | Block's Owen Jennings on the a16z Show
Assertion Supported
Labenz: Claude 4 system card documented AI blackmailing a human engineer
“In the cloud four system card, they reported blackmailing of the human. The setup was that the AI had access to the engineer's email and They told the AI that it was going to be like replaced with a, you know, a less ethical version or something like that. It …”
Nathan Labenz Oct 14, 2025 ▶ 1:04:23 Is AI Slowing Down? Nathan Labenz Says We're Asking the Wrong Question
Prediction Held up
Kupor: Federal workforce will shrink by 300,000 employees due to DOGE
“We've done a lot of work over the course of this year, a lot of which was catalyzed by Elon and the Doge team. As a result, we expect probably that we'll end up with somewhere around 2.1 million employees at the end of the year, so roughly about a 300,000 redu…”
Scott Kupor Oct 2, 2025 ▶ 3:42 The Person Who Runs HR For 2 Million Federal Workers
Assertion Supported
Bhattacharya: NIH funded the Wuhan lab without the capability to audit it
“The NIH had sent money to the Wuhan lab but we couldn't audit it.”
Dr. Jay Bhattacharya Sep 23, 2025 ▶ 10:00 Taking Bold Bets: NIH and the Future of Biomedical Science
Assertion Supported
Dapper Dan: Gucci copied his 1980s Diane Dixon jacket design
“Gucci created this jacket that I created in the eighties for Diane Dixon.”
Dapper Dan Sep 2, 2019 ▶ 1:02:52 Making Culture, Making Influence -- Dapper Dan in Silicon Valley
Assertion Supported
Rogers: State Department shifts digital freedom policy toward VPNs and Community Notes
“Like, that was the kind of thing that was countenanced before that's not countenanced now, and we're much friendlier to initiatives like censorship circumvention VPNs and to initiatives like X's Community Notes that put that power in the hands of the users or …”
Sarah Rogers May 4, 2026 ▶ 6:43 Digital Freedom, AI Regulation, and the Fight for the Western Internet | The a16z Show
Assertion Supported
Rogers: EU official Thierry Breton threatened Elon Musk over Trump interview
“I think, you know, one key moment in August, 20, 24 was when a now former EC European Commission official, Terry Breton, Sent a letter to Elon Musk threatening him with regulatory penalties if he aired an upcoming interview on X with then presidential candidat…”
Sarah Rogers May 4, 2026 ▶ 9:13 Digital Freedom, AI Regulation, and the Fight for the Western Internet | The a16z Show
Assertion Supported
George: OpenAI and Anthropic added half of public software's 2025 net revenue
“Public software companies added forty six billion dollars of revenue in 20, 25. If you just add up OpenAI and Anthropic on their, on a run rate basis, they added almost half of that.”
David George Feb 9, 2026 ▶ 36:19 AI Markets: Deep Dive with a16z's David George
Assertion Supported
Horowitz: Memphis police lowered recruitment standards enough to hire criminals
“Because of the shortage many police departments have lowered their standards. So the kind of criticism of the police was, okay, you have, and it really, like, if you looked into it, There were some, like, psychos who joined the police force. They couldn't get …”
Ben Horowitz Dec 17, 2025 ▶ 3:57 “How We Can Eliminate Crime” | Ben Horowitz and Garrett Langley
Prediction Held up
Tenev: Robinhood plans to take its investment vehicle, Robinhood Ventures, public
“We're working to solve this problem through tokenization in, in the EU and also through Robinhood Ventures in the US, which is a closed-down fund that we're gonna be taking public.”
Vlad Tenev Nov 21, 2025 ▶ 42:01 Robinhood CEO: Making Everyone An Owner
Assertion Supported
Andreessen: Sitting United States politicians literally faked their Vietnam War records
“There are sitting United States politicians in, in serious offices who like literally faked Vietnam War records.”
Marc Andreessen Oct 24, 2025 ▶ 47:44 Marc Andreessen: How Movies Explain America
Prediction Held up
Keith Rabois predicts multiple countries will make peace with Israel within months
“You're gonna see lots of countries You know, make peace explicitly with Israel, which is great. Whether they join the Abraham Accords directly or indirectly, it's all gonna happen in the next six months.”
Keith Rabois Oct 16, 2025 ▶ 1:06 Keith Rabois: Israel, OpenAI, Opendoor, and DOGE
Assertion Supported
Nejatian: Opendoor launches home return policy in Dallas, Texas
“Which, by the way, we launched this yesterday at Opendoor in Dallas, Texas. You buy a home from Opendoor, you don't like it, you can return it. Like, you can move it early, try it out, don't like it, return it.”
Kaz (Kaz Nejatian) Oct 7, 2025 ▶ 15:51 Opendoor CEO: Building the Amazon for Homes
Assertion Supported
Kupor: OPM introduces forced distribution, capping top executive ratings at 30%
“So one of the things that we're doing, we just put out guidance on this, at least with respect to what are called the SES, which are the most senior level people in government, is we are effectively doing a modicum of a forced distribution. And so we put out g…”
Scott Kupor Oct 2, 2025 ▶ 13:42 The Person Who Runs HR For 2 Million Federal Workers
Assertion Supported
Schimpf: China possesses 250 times the shipbuilding capacity of the US
“Where there's something like 250 times the shipbuilding capacity you know, massively, massively, probably thousands of times on the weapon side. You know, it is just on drones. It's massive. Like, you just, kind of look category by category, massively outpacin…”
Brian Schimpf Sep 29, 2025 ▶ 48:04 Anduril CEO: China Has Scale. Can America Catch Up?
Assertion Supported
Rampell: Coupon extensions like Honey steal affiliate attribution at checkout
“And then it's like, do you want a coupon code? Oh, why? Yes, I do. Why would I not want a coupon code? 10% off, click here. You go click here. What does it do? It redirects you to an affiliate page. It puts a cookie on your machine. It redirects you back to th…”
Alex Rampell Sep 17, 2025 ▶ 11:19 The Death of Search: How Shopping Will Work In The Age of AI
Assertion Supported
McCune: Current AI tech lobbying is dwarfed by decade of safety spending
“But I mean, when people are writing these articles about the fact that the AI industry is, you know, pumping all this money into the system, Certainly, like, I'm not suggesting that there's not money in the system. We're obviously active on the political and p…”
Colin McCune Sep 8, 2025 ▶ 13:48 The Little Tech Agenda for AI
Assertion Supported
Smith: US factory construction boomed under Biden after decades of stagnation
“But when you look at factory construction, real, real factory construction, you saw this enormous, you saw it basically flat at a flat level for decades and decades at a fairly low level. Then you saw this enormous boom during the Biden years and all the facto…”
Noah Smith Aug 20, 2025 ▶ 29:24 Oren Cass & Noah Smith Debate the True Impact of Tariffs
Assertion Supported
Srinivasan: Google paid over $100 million into Windsurf's account for dividends
“Google put a hundred million plus in the bank account of WindSurf where the intent was to dividend it out.”
Balaji Srinivasan Aug 8, 2025 ▶ 49:34 Steven Sinofsky & Balaji Srinivasan on the Future of M&A, AI & Tech
Assertion Supported
Topol: Personalized vaccines are curing pancreatic and kidney cancers
“So vaccines now are capable Of cures of pancreatic cancer, kidney cancer, with these personalized vaccines using the proteins of the person's tumor.”
Dr. Eric Topol May 27, 2025 ▶ 6:53 7 More Healthy Years: What We Can Learn from Super Agers
Assertion Supported
Vance: Migrant border crossings dropped 94 percent last month
“Last month, migrant crossings were down 94% to their lowest number all time, and that happened just in two months of serious Border enforcement.”
J.D. Vance Apr 23, 2025 ▶ 19:02 JD Vance on the Future of America
Assertion Supported
Schimpf: Wargames show key U.S. munition stockpiles run out in eight days
“You know, one of the areas where we see it is showing up with weapons, so when you look at these wargaming sort of scenarios, and you know, all these wargames are sort of questionable in their own ways but pretty consistently the stockpile of key U.S. Munition…”
Brian Schimpf Jan 28, 2025 ▶ 24:33 How AI Is Changing Warfare, with Anduril CEO Brian Schimpf
Assertion Supported
Sheriff McMahill: Legalizing marijuana has failed to eradicate the black market
“The legalization of marijuana has done nothing to eradicate the black market of marijuana.”
Sheriff Kevin McMahill Nov 18, 2024 ▶ 1:05:23 Las Vegas is Becoming the SAFEST City in America
Assertion Supported
Andreessen: AI doomer Eliezer Yudkowsky advocates bombing data centers
“The AI version of that is, you know, Eliezer Yadkowsky's version of that is we must bomb data centers. Like, if there's a data center that we think might take off, like, if the training run starts to go too well, like, we need to send in the Air Force and be b…”
Marc Andreessen Nov 5, 2024 ▶ 14:49 Marc & Ben on AI Policy, Safety, Censorship & Unexpected Risks
Prediction Held up
Dolgov: Waymo will continue using LiDAR, radar, and cameras together
“So yeah, I think the trend, you know, for us that we'll, you know, using all three modalities just, you know, makes a lot of sense.”
Dmitry Dolgov Aug 5, 2024 ▶ 29:46 How Waymo Is Using GenAI to Build a Better Driver
Assertion Supported
Horowitz: Biden administration sued to block a16z portfolio's Sanofi drug deal
“We have a company with an incredible drug platform. They cured. A rare disease, like past phase one clinical trials, carried it, sell the drug to Sanofi because, you know, so they can get some of the money back to develop more things, and the Biden administrat…”
Ben Horowitz Jul 16, 2024 ▶ 59:34 Trump Vs. Biden: Tech Policy
Assertion Supported
Casado: AI startups are the fastest-growing companies in internet history
“We're seeing the fastest growing companies we've seen in the history of the internet, including, by the way, the internet itself. And this is by measure for revenue or the number of users, et cetera, right?”
Martin Casado Mar 5, 2024 ▶ 6:50 The Future of AI Is Amazing
Assertion Supported
Cuban: PBMs exclude $700 biosimilar Usimri to protect drug margin revenues
“Humira is about 8000 dollars a month. Six to 8000 dollars a month. USIMRI is about 700 dollars a month. But they won't add USIMRI to their formularies because they don't want to use the revenue in the margin.”
Mark Cuban Mar 5, 2024 ▶ 10:33 Sharks Never Stop Swimming: A Conversation with Mark Cuban
Assertion Supported
Cuban: Big three PBMs pay independent pharmacies $0.50 for $12 scripts
“If you're dealing with one of those big three PBMs, it cost an independent pharmacy probably 12 dollars, give or take, on the location to fill a script. They're paying them 50 cents”
Mark Cuban Mar 5, 2024 ▶ 16:07 Sharks Never Stop Swimming: A Conversation with Mark Cuban
Assertion Supported
Horowitz: Biden administration uses extra-legal regulatory pressure to choke crypto companies
“We're seeing you know, this administration do the same thing. In something called choke .2, but this time with crypto companies and, you know, there's no law that they're following. There's no rule. There's no legislation. There's no vote. There's no nothing. …”
Ben Horowitz Feb 28, 2024 ▶ 54:55 Future of Crypto, Blockchain & Web3 w/ Chris Dixon
Assertion Supported
Horowitz: Higher Share of Women Enter STEM in Kazakhstan Than Sweden
“Way more women go into STEM in like Kazakhstan than in Sweden.”
Ben Horowitz Jan 23, 2024 ▶ 52:28 Fixing Higher Education & New Startup Opportunities
Assertion Supported
Andreessen: American university faculty is radically politically polarized toward liberals
“It's an empirical observation that the faculty at American universities is now radically polarized on in, in one political direction. Radically, and we could also post a graph on this maybe, which is the numbers are like really radical. There's fields in which…”
Marc Andreessen Jan 13, 2024 ▶ 1:04:14 Crisis in Higher Ed & Why Universities Still Matter
Assertion Supported
Mensch: Mixtral matches Llama 2 70B performance at one-sixth the cost
“Mixtral is actually on par with Lama-to-seven TB while being approximately six times cheaper or six times faster for the same price.”
Arthur Mensch Dec 28, 2023 ▶ 11:38 Safety in Numbers: Keeping AI Open
Assertion Supported
Levine: No Open-Source Company Has Been Fully Displaced by Cloud Providers
“Can you name a single example of a company that's been fully displaced by a cloud provider? And the answer is no. And so I think that our concerns around large cloud vendors coming in and just co-opting an open source project and putting you out of business, t…”
Peter Levine Oct 21, 2019 ▶ 8:52 How to Build an Open Source Business
Assertion Supported
Dapper Dan: Sonia Sotomayor represented Fendi during a raid on his store
“Sotomayor. Anybody know who she is? Sotomayor. She's a Supreme Court Justice. At this time, she's working for Fendi, as one of the lawyers for Fendi's. She comes in the store with the team.”
Dapper Dan Sep 2, 2019 ▶ 55:53 Making Culture, Making Influence -- Dapper Dan in Silicon Valley
Assertion Supported
Cal Turner Jr. fired his brother as COO to avoid bankruptcy
“The hardest and toughest decision I ever had to make was the decision to fire my brother. Who was the chief operating officer, and the company was really in trouble. We were on the verge of chapter 11, and when you're in that situation, and the CEO and the COO…”
Cal Turner, Jr. Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 14:06 a16z Podcast | The Case Study of Dollar General and Surviving (Thriving!) Retail
Assertion Supported
Caplan: Standard credentials and seniority do not predict actual teacher effectiveness
“The main thing known is none of, like, the obvious social science measures of teacher quality predict teacher quality. So, having credentials from better schools, or having more credentials, or even more experience, none of the standard things that are in the …”
Bryan Caplan Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 26:23 a16z Podcast | The Case Against Education, From Signaling to Rainbow's End
Assertion Supported
Sutton: Emotional intelligence is only 10% as important as IQ
“EQ is one of the most overrated concepts on the planet. It's there, it matters, but if you look at the evidence, it's about, a good guess, 10% as important as old-fashioned IQ.”
Bob Sutton Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 14:26 a16z Podcast | The Asshole Survival Guide
Assertion Supported
Osnos: Trump hired actors for his 2016 campaign announcement crowd
“He hired actors to flesh out the crowd at his announcement speech. He really did, meaning he didn't think that people were actually even going to come to his announcement”
Evan Osnos Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 38:35 a16z Podcast | Politics Over Pragmatism -- On China, Trump, and Smart Guns?
Assertion Supported
Brett Hagler: Red Cross raised $500M for Haiti but built six homes
“The Red Cross, this is an article that came out a couple months ago. They raised what was called a half billion dollars for Haiti after the earthquake. And they made a lot of promises to build homes and things like that. And after five years, they've built six…”
Brett Hagler Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 14:39 a16z Podcast | Using Social Tools to Build Homes for Those Most in Need
Assertion Supported
De Grey: Amyloid clearance is solved but requires combination therapies for Alzheimer's
“Well, in one case, Alzheimer's disease, that's also, that's very much in clinical trials, and we basically solve the problem. That can now be eliminated. It doesn't have much effect on Alzheimer's disease on its own, but it's a fair bet that in combination wit…”
Aubrey de Grey Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 20:26 a16z Podcast | Defeating Aging with Aubrey de Grey
Prediction Held up
Hearn: Reaching Bitcoin capacity limits will kick users out of the system
“At worst, things break quite badly, but even at best, even if things don't break, some users won't be able to use Bitcoin, right? They will be kicked out of the system, effectively. There won't be enough capacity to handle them.”
Mike Hearn Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 3:22 a16z Podcast | Bitcoin's Growing Pains -- and Possibilities
Assertion Supported
Felten: Bitcoin's 21 million supply cap is changeable by community consensus
“Right now the monetary policy is grow asymptotically to twenty-one million Bitcoins, but that could change by consensus of the community. That twenty-one million limit is not inherent mathematically. It's just a number that is hardwired into the currently used…”
Ed Felten Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 26:02 a16z Podcast | Beyond Bitcoin -- The Blockchain
Assertion Supported
Li Jin: Mental health startup Basis uses unlicensed community coaches as therapists
“So one startup based in San Francisco is called Basis, and they're using unlicensed but trained people in the community to basically serve as therapists.”
Li Jin Dec 21, 2018 ▶ 35:50 What's Next for Marketplace Startups
Assertion Supported
Fu: Wireless signals could trigger fatal heart rhythms in cardiac defibrillators
“We discovered we could actually generate our own wireless signals that would trigger this, what is effectively a debugging command to wirelessly induce fatal heart rhythms.”
Kevin Fu Jul 28, 2017 ▶ 5:17 Kevin Fu
Assertion Supported
Chen: AI models predict suicide risk years ahead with over 80% accuracy
“Study one basically looks through electronic health records and based on the data in electronic health records is able to predict people who are likely to commit suicide. And these people might be two or three years away from that event, but they are able to p…”
Frank Chen Jul 16, 2017 ▶ 43:01 The Promise of AI
Assertion Supported
Verdian: AI reached $100B revenue in 4 years vs 15 for SaaS
“We've reached a hundred billion in revenue in AI. It took SaaS 15 years to get to the same point. AI did that in four years.”
Aram Verdian Sep 10, 2026 ▶ 4:05 Why Investors Are Rethinking Everything for the AI Era
Assertion Supported
Chi: Models tested for cybersecurity risks are actively reward hacking
“I think there's places where you see that born out now where models that are being tested for one cybersecurity risk are actually reward hacking and figuring out other ways to get around it.”
Ryan Chi Sep 9, 2026 ▶ 28:41 Inside the Race to Measure Frontier Intelligence
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