The Ledger

Every statement that passed quotation and attribution checks. Mix any filter with any other: certainty 1/5, debate potential 5/5, or both at once.

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why aren't all 77 resolved? a statement only gets an assessment when the public record can support or contradict it. opinions and what-ifs never can, and 0 checkable ones are still open, waiting for their date. predictions held up or didn't; assertions are supported or contradicted. on every card: ▮▮▮▮▮ certainty · ▮▮▮▮▮ debate potential. speakers are clickable

Prediction Didn’t hold up
Amodei: AI training costs will hit $1B in 2024 and up to $10B in 2025
“I think that next year we're probably going to see from multiple players models on the order of one billion dollars, and in 2025 we're going to see models on the order of Several billion, I don't know, perhaps even ten billion dollars.”
Dario Amodei Sep 25, 2023 ▶ 7:02 Improving AI with Anthropic's Dario Amodei
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Dixon: Sugar will be the biggest killer of this generation
“Sugar is the new smoking. It's going to you know, kill, it's going to be by far the biggest killer of this generation.”
Chris Dixon Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 5:54 a16z Podcast | The Future of Food
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Ashatosh: Azure and IBM will beat AWS in enterprise cloud within two years
“In fact, we predict that the number one enterprise cloud in the next two years is probably going to be Azure, and not AWS, just because they are sucking up a tremendous amount of footprint of applications. And number two actually might be IBM, and not AWS, as …”
Ash Ashatosh Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 12:42 a16z Podcast | Dell + EMC -- Why the Python Just Ate the Cow
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Patrick Byrne predicts a 2008-level economic crisis within two to three years
“I also think there's going to be quite soon a big, in the next two or three years, a big disruption in our economy. I think in oh eight or worse is going to happen, and with each disruption, people will shift farther into online, and then it ratchets.”
Patrick Byrne Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 34:45 a16z Podcast | Wall Street's Most Hated Man -- A Conversation With Overstock.com's Patrick Byrne
Prediction Didn’t hold up
McMaster: Apple faces margin pressure and negligible emerging market share
“I believe over time, Apple's even going to have products. You know, problems, because they're not going to be able to sustain these margins, and in these markets where Android is dominant, Apple's market share will be negligible. Right? As these markets contin…”
Kurt McMaster Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 15:43 a16z Podcast | Searching for Mobile's Third OS
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Sinofsky predicts cars sold in 2019 are the last requiring human drivers
“If you, I look at the automobiles today, and I think that the ones that are being sold today are the very last cars that are going to basically require a driver.”
Steven Sinofsky Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 13:07 a16z Podcast | Selling Tech to Everyone -- Changes Everything
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Paul Krugman predicts only one or two cryptocurrencies will survive
“There will not be 1600 cryptocurrencies out there. There will be one or two.”
Paul Krugman Nov 2, 2018 ▶ 24:06 Debating Crypto: Katie Haun vs. Paul Krugman
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Evans: On-device AI models will fail as capability gains outpace compression
“Will we have small models running on devices? No, because the small models, the capabilities are moving too fast for the small models to shrink the small model onto the device.”
Benedict Evans Dec 12, 2025 ▶ 52:37 AI Eats the World: Benedict Evans on the Next Platform Shift
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Schmidt: Decentralized training of 400B parameter AI models is solvable by 2025
“I think it still is, it would still be, you know, like a next year sort of environment thing that we would have to do. There are some scaling problems, or not scaling problems, but technical things about how you shard the model, because at that point you get t…”
Jeff Schmidt Oct 1, 2024 ▶ 54:41 The Quest for Community-Trained Open Source AI Models
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Aviation could account for 50% of global CO2 emissions by 2050
“But our own industry projections are that by 20 50, that's going to be anywhere up to 50% of all CO two emissions everywhere.”
Gregory Davis Jun 12, 2023 ▶ 3:45 The Electrification of Everything: From Sky to Sea
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Hefets: US home prices will decline 10% to 15% by Q1 2023
“Our view at Divi is that we're gonna start to see heading into Q-one year-on-year declines in home prices across Economist. That is likely to be somewhere around 10 to 15% year-on-year home price declines.”
Adena Hefets Feb 6, 2023 ▶ 17:22 Easing the Housing Crisis by Building Better Tools
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Stephenson: Lamina1 will require node operators to purchase verified carbon credits
“The system's going to be designed in such a way that in order to participate, to operate a node, you need to demonstrate that you've acquired, you've bought a certain number of carbon credits from a legitimate company”
Neal Stephenson Nov 22, 2022 ▶ 1:10:24 Neal Stephenson on the Future of the Metaverse
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Riccitiello: Viewers will walk inside 3D movie scenes within three years
“I am certain within the next two to three years, you'll be able to freeze the frame put on a set of VR or AR glasses or look through your phone and walk into the scene and go anywhere.”
John Riccitiello Mar 16, 2020 ▶ 43:26 How Gaming is Changing the Media Landscape
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Sarandos predicts sports leagues like the NFL will go direct-to-consumer
“I think the winner will be NFL.com. That they'll just go direct to consumer, and there's plenty of people who pay an outrageous amount of money for a subscription for NFL, or NBA, or MLB, and ultimately the winners will be the league anyway, so.”
Ted Sarandos Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 30:03 a16z Podcast | The Internet of Taste, Streaming Content to Culture
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Pope: The autonomous vehicle transition could be complete by 2025
“So it might start a little later than the optimists think. Might start in 2022, but it might be over by 2025.”
Carl Pope Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 7:36 a16z Podcast | Cars and Cities, the Autonomy Edition
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Pope: Driving is the largest U.S. profession and will be automated away
“We're going to lose the largest profession in the United States, which is driver.”
Carl Pope Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 33:06 a16z Podcast | Cars and Cities, the Autonomy Edition
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Srinivasan: Generic blockchain hype will crash in late 2016
“I think the blockchain stuff is actually right at the top of the Gardner hype cycle, and I think it's gonna crash down, like, towards the second half, you know, of this year when people actually try to implement it.”
Balaji Srinivasan Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 15:49 a16z Podcast | Startups and Pendulum Swings Through Ideas, Time, Fame, and Money
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Srinivasan: Everyone will wear VR headsets within five to ten years
“So that's going to be kind of interesting in like five or 10 years, everyone's wearing these kind of things.”
Balaji Srinivasan Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 24:27 a16z Podcast | Startups and Pendulum Swings Through Ideas, Time, Fame, and Money
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Evans: Smartphones will eat mass-market virtual reality
“Well, I think the basic story here is smartphones eat VR.”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 21:42 a16z Podcast | Innovation vs. Invention at Google I/O
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Evans: There are even odds Windows Phone disappears within a year
“It's, that, that, I would be, I think there's even odds that that product won't exist in a year.”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 15:11 a16z Podcast | The Year Mobile Began to Truly Dominate Tech
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Evans: Smartphones will dominate VR hardware within five years
“On like a five-year view, it seems to me that this is all going to be about smartphones, because just Moore's law will drive this, and the graphics and the sensors will get there”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 20:40 a16z Podcast | The Year Mobile Began to Truly Dominate Tech
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Evans: Wintel Platform Share Will Decline to 10% of Computing Market
“The Wintel ecosystem now, as a percentage of total computing, so including tablets and smartphones and everything else, is now sort of 15% of unit sales, and it's going to go down, it's going to go maybe not 10%, but you know, it may go down to 10%”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 15:58 a16z Podcast | What Comes After the Smartphone
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Markoff predicts semiconductor scaling will permanently stop at 5 nanometers
“I believe, you know, based on talking to all the wise men I've been able to talk to in Silicon Valley, that there are three more turns of the crank. We go from 14 to 10 to seven to five. The industry can see its way to five.”
John Markoff Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 20:12 a16z Podcast | Talking Humans and Machines with NYT’s John Markoff
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Cheney: Starbucks will be entirely barista-less by 2024
“I would likely suggest that Starbucks will be like barista-less in five years.”
Steve Cheney Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 9:10 a16z Podcast | Location, Location, Location -- and Mobile
Prediction Didn’t hold up
DoD will soon stop launching traditional GPS satellites
“Pretty soon we'll, I won't be launching any more of those satellites.”
Ash Carter Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 2:18 a16z Podcast | Government, Startups, & Innovation -- with U.S. Secretary of Defense Ash Carter
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Smith: Amazon will restrict same-day delivery to groceries and next-day elsewhere
“I don't buy that there's a lot of product demand for same day. I think that Amazon will do same day for grocery because it makes sense on fresh. I don't, I believe they'll do next day on everything else.”
Mike Smith Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 41:25 a16z Podcast | Where's My Stuff? -- The Lowdown on Logistics and Ops
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Andreessen: Every person globally will own a smartphone by decade's end
“So the big thing happening in the world right now is the smartphone, and the significance of the smartphone is, for the first time in human history, we're going to get a computer in everybody's hands, and by everybody, I mean everybody on the planet and by eve…”
Marc Andreessen Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 16:10 a16z Podcast | What Makes the Valley Work
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Andreessen: 5 to 7 billion people will own smartphones by 2020
“And this is the thing I've been talking a lot about that people occasionally get angry about, because they think it won't Can't possibly come true, but I'm convinced it's going to come true, which is I think everybody on the planet by the end of the decade is …”
Marc Andreessen Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 1:36 a16z Podcast | Ben and Marc Explain (Practically) Everything – Part 1
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Dixon: Enterprise applications will lead consumer adoption in wearable tech
“I think there's a reasonable chance that you'll see the corporate use cases leading Like, unlike what we've seen over the last 15 years in technology, which is the consumer has led the enterprise. You know, the stuff you have at home on your iPhone and Gmail i…”
Chris Dixon Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 11:43 a16z Podcast | The Wearables Session
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Dixon: Almost all smartphones will capture 3D imaging within two years
“I think within two years for phones, almost all smartphones will be able to take three to three D imaging.”
Chris Dixon Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 7:30 a16z Podcast | Oculus and the (Mind-Blowing) Reality of Virtual Reality
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Chen: Autonomous EV fleets will drive most global miles within years
“In particular, I believe that in a handful of years, we're gonna be driven around in electric cars rather than driving around in our own gas-powered cars. In other words, most of the miles driven on the planet will shift to self-driving electric car fleets as …”
Frank Chen Feb 3, 2018 ▶ 1:25 The Autonomy Ecosystem: Where and How It Begins (1 of 8)
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Levine: Total connected computing devices will expand into the trillions
“I can imagine a world where there will be trillions of devices out there. So if you think about the challenges of management, security, data, all of the issues of distributed computing, that's now going to, it's the opportunity and the challenge of what we're …”
Peter Levine Jul 15, 2017 ▶ 9:30 The End of Cloud Computing
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Patel: NVIDIA will hold over $100B in cash by late 2025
“The cash on their balance sheet keeps growing, and they're gonna have north of a hundred billion dollars of cash on their balance sheet by the end of this year, I think.”
Dylan Patel Aug 18, 2025 ▶ 57:56 Dylan Patel on GPT-5’s Router Moment, GPUs vs TPUs, Monetization
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Other US states will not replicate Illinois' AI mental health therapy ban
“I don't expect we'll see the other states go in the direction of Illinois, partially because it's just so hard to regulate.”
Justine Moore Aug 13, 2025 ▶ 10:45 This Week in AI: GPT-5 Ships, 4o Pulled Back, Grok Imagine Goes Social
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Kumar: Sesame will build a unified audio-text transformer within months
“The path that we're going to take, I think, over the next few months is making a single transformer that does both audio understanding, content, text content generation, and speech generation.”
Ankit Kumar Mar 15, 2025 ▶ 1:00:20 Building the Next Generation of Conversational AI
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Postma: Social media will integrate AI clothing try-ons within years
“And I wouldn't be surprised if any social media is going to do this soon, because Instagram already has photos of your face, right? They could already train a model on your face in that kind of sense. And you could put the clothing on it that they put in their…”
Danny Postma Apr 24, 2023 ▶ 29:06 Beyond Avatars: How AI is Reshaping Online Identity (Danny Postma and Sinead Bovell)
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Fielding: Privateer is launching its own satellite constellation
“For that we're putting up a constellation of our own satellites, which I hope doesn't sound too hypocritical.”
Alex Fielding Nov 9, 2022 ▶ 47:54 Privateer’s Steve Wozniak, Alex Fielding, and Dr. Moriba Jah on the Data Highway Above
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Zhao: Sandbox VR will expand from 14 to 50 rooms by year-end
“And soon, by the end of summer, the end of this year, we will go from, we have 14 rooms now, to over 50 rooms.”
Steve Zhao May 3, 2019 ▶ 7:28 The a16z Pitch Room: Sandbox VR
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Fortney: Small molecule longevity drugs will likely emerge first
“I guess I'm expecting small molecules to come first because that's what pharma is used to. You know, that's what the, we have all the models to make that work. And the space of chemicals has been so unexplored. So I think there are going to be other repomycins…”
Kristen Fortney Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 24:19 a16z Podcast | The Science Of Extending Life
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Sensor and machine data volume will expand by orders of magnitude
“It will be literally orders of magnitude and in the exact mathematical sense, orders of magnitude, more data that needs to be stored in process.”
Peter Levine Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 4:56 a16z Podcast | The Storage Renaissance
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Zipline's first non-medical drone delivery will likely be livestock sperm
“The first thing we do that isn't medicine will probably be sperm.”
Keller Rinaudo Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 13:27 a16z Podcast | Drones for Delivery in Healthcare
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Dixon: A $300 standalone 4K VR headset is four years away
“We're seeing, I think it's accelerate, it's accelerating to the sort of Holy Grail headset, which is whatever, let's call it a 300 dollar standalone device with positional tracking and hand tracking and four K per eye or something like, let's call that the Hol…”
Chris Dixon Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 24:32 a16z Podcast | Truce for Mobile, Battle for VR
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Dixon: Virtual reality will enter a hype-cycle trough in two years
“We're in the Gartner hype cycle and we're at the peak and there will be a trough of despond and that'll be in two years.”
Chris Dixon Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 25:31 a16z Podcast | Truce for Mobile, Battle for VR
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Evans predicts Apple VR and cars are two to four years away.
“The two big things that are next for Apple are on the one hand VR, or potentially AR, and then on the other hand cars. But just from looking at the state of the technology, but those are both basically two, three, four years away.”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 24:48 a16z Podcast | Apple and the Case of Invisible But Audible Innovation
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Bahl: India's retail market will hit $1 trillion by 2019
“In India India's retail market is about six hundred billion dollars. Going to a trillion dollars in the next three years.”
Kunal Bahl Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 1:16 a16z Podcast | E-commerce, Payments, & More in India's Evolving Retail Landscape
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Khanna: Tech and telecom firms will spend $4 trillion on infrastructure by 2020
“These telecom and technology and kind of, you know, data industry companies invest about, you know, it's estimated that between now and twenty-twenty, let alone all the trillions that have been spent so far, will spend another four trillion dollars just on the…”
Parag Khanna Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 8:49 a16z Podcast | Connectivity and the Internet as Supply Chain
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Rhinehart: Soylent is developing a therapeutic food paste for $1 daily
“One thing we are working on is what's called an RUTF, ready to use therapeutic food, which is kind of like a paste. So it's between the powder and the drink so that it is ready to consume, but it's cheaper to ship because it doesn't have as high moisture conte…”
Rob Reinhart Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 25:45 a16z Podcast | The Future of Food
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Alex Rampell predicts US zero interest rate policy will last 8-9 years
“So and I think we're going to remain in, go to year eight and year nine. That's my own personal opinion.”
Alex Rampell Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 27:52 a16z Podcast | Money, Risk, and Software
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