The Ledger
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Berdichevsky: Graphite in lithium-ion batteries has hit its thermodynamic limits
“There is, and it's a thermodynamic limitation. So it is the laws of the universe, it is what God gave us, and there is no getting around it. And we are at that limit in every lithium-ion battery today.”
Berdichevsky: China mines, processes, or refines 95 percent of battery graphite
“Yeah, something like 95% is mined or processed or refined in China. So some of it gets extracted, let's say, in Australia, but then it gets shipped to China to process. So that's right.”
Berdichevsky: Silicon anode technology requires dramatically less mining and labor
“And to your point, they require dramatically less mining. They require really much less labor. These technologies are much more efficient.”
Silicon atoms hold 24 times more lithium than carbon atoms in batteries
“The thermodynamic limit of graphite, which is made entirely out of carbon atoms, is you need six carbon atoms to store a single atom of lithium. Whereas with silicon, you can take a single atom of silicon and store four lithium atoms. So that means instead of …”