Q And that is one of the reasons engineered carbon removal is becoming more attractive for companies with aggressive targets and some extra money to invest. I sat down with Rafael at the Verge conference to talk about what the solutions mix will look like for Microsoft. Can you talk about what the engineered solutions you're identifying, currently working with, or have on the horizon are?
A Yeah, absolutely. I think the, the best known one is Direct Air Capture DAC, and I'll cover that briefly because I think it's very well covered elsewhere. Um, Companies like Climeworks, like Carbon Engineering, and Heirloom, and others are devising ways to take CO₂ directly from atmosphere, and there's a diverse set of approaches there, but basically you build a large, you know, something that we would all recognize as a big plant, a big steel-on-the-ground plant, and, you know, you capture CO₂ from the atmosphere, you concentrate it, you liquefy it, and you have a storage partner who puts it underground. There are other approaches, of course, as well, um, There are a lot of biomass-based pathways. Uh, you can call it, um, biomass with carbon removal and storage, or bioenergy with carbon capture and storage. A good example of this, uh, might be Charm Industrial here in the Bay Area that is turning, uh, crop waste in the Midwest in, uh, you know, in giant blender sort of process and injecting it underground. And that acknowledges that Uh, plants are actually very, very good at capturing carbon slowly over time, and so if we can find the waste streams in those, in those agricultural systems, and then turn that waste into carbon removal, that's a very viable strategy. I'll add a caveat, and this is one of the things that we're running into, and, um, I would say, like, my philosoph…
AI assessment note: “Companies like Climeworks, like Carbon Engineering, and Heirloom, and others are devising ways”