The Ledger
Every statement that passed quotation and attribution checks. Mix any filter with any other: certainty 1/5, debate potential 5/5, or both at once.
why aren't all 19 resolved? a statement only gets an assessment when the public record can support or contradict it. opinions and what-ifs never can, and 0 checkable ones are still open, waiting for their date. predictions held up or didn't; assertions are supported or contradicted. on every card: ▮▮▮▮▮ certainty · ▮▮▮▮▮ debate potential. speakers are clickable
MacDonald: Spinning out HMC internal teams to pay 1.5-and-20 was illogical
“All these initiatives at Harvard lead to spinning out these firms. You think about Adage, Highfields, Convexity, Charles Bank. Now you go from them being internal paying them that to them being external in paying them one and a half and 20. And pause some of t…”
Choe: Charlesbank found lower entry multiples correlate with weaker private equity returns
“And in our case, and we really had the data just to look at the hundred or so transactions in our history as a private equity firm, there was really no correlation. If there was one, it was a very weak negative correlation. So lower multiple investments tended…”
Choe: 2021 leverage excesses will cause restructurings over coming years
“We think a lot of the leverage excesses of 21 are likely to result in first liability management exercises, LMEs, that will then involve some amount of restructuring over the next few years or so.”
Choe: Management stability shows little correlation with private equity investment success
“Another one would be that we used to think that management stability would be very correlated with investment success, and we looked at changes in C-suite management, and there was really not a ton of correlation there, so I'd say that's been an insight that h…”
Charlesbank Models Investments Using 10,000-Simulation 2-Year Monte Carlo Analysis
“We have, as a result, shifted all of our modeling to a homegrown proprietary tool that we call our two-year fan of outcomes. It's basically a fairly simplified Monte Carlo analysis. It runs 10,000 simulations of the two year forward future of any given investm…”
Choe: Standard 5-Year LBO Models Promote Anchoring and Familiarity Biases
“We're using a highly flawed tool that actually promotes all kinds of predictable human biases. There's anchoring bias, there's familiarity bias, to make a decision that is inherently very difficult to make. Because what we're really doing is we are underwriter…”
Choe: Systematic Process in Investing Is Far Harder Than Star Talent
“I think it's much easier to have a firm that is a great investment firm because it has one or two great investors. Now, I'm not saying we are that, but just take any famous investment firm out there, Hedge Fund or Berkshire Hathaway. Really, the persona of the…”
Choe: Inorganic earnings growth correlates with PE returns almost as strongly as organic
“And startlingly, the R squared on total Earnings growth is almost as strong as organic growth only, and I think the reason for that is that when a company is approving acquisitions and we're obviously in control of that decision, we're typically doing it with …”
Choe: Specialized human capital services can match software returns on capital
“In this decade, we think there are classes of companies out there that offer human capital services that are highly specialized, that have pricing power, that have the ability to generate very attractive margins, that are incredibly asset light and very capita…”
Choe: Two-Year Pre-Tax Earnings Growth Strongly Predicts PE Investment Success
“When we ran our regression analysis, our ability to grow the pre-tax earnings of a company within the first two years of our ownership was highly correlated and very predictive of ultimate investment success, no matter how long the hold period was.”
Choe: Charlesbank Targets Asymmetric Upside Distributions Over High Base Cases
“Rather than looking at things that have a high base case, what we're looking for now are companies that have a very asymmetric distribution of outcomes towards the upside with very muted downside.”
Choe: Charlesbank treats investment management as a decision-manufacturing process
“And so we tend to think about our firm as a manufacturing process where the atomic unit of production is a decision. Now, some of those decisions are final investment decisions, but really everything we do leading up to a final investment decision is the produ…”
Choe: Charlesbank Shifted Sourcing Away From Availability Toward Asymmetric Profiles
“What we have noticed is that there's been a shift away from filtering investments using availability. There's always a part of somebody's brain when they're looking at investments around, how do I make sure that I don't waste too much time? How do I look for c…”
Choe: Action bias strongly correlates with high performance at Charlesbank
“One of the factors that is very dominantly correlated with being a high performer at Charles Bank is something called action orientation or action bias in the personality tool that we use.”
Choe: Charlesbank models a 12% annual recession probability for underwriting
“The thing we now do, if a business is severely recession exposed, we have a generic probability of a recession. It's 12% in any given year. We could be wrong about that, but it's better than not putting a probability in. So we say, okay, well, let's just assum…”
Choe: Charlesbank has only expanded into business adjacencies twice in 30 years
“This is why in nearly 30 years of being a private equity firm, we've only done that twice.”
Choe: Charlesbank values assets via two-year earnings probability distributions
“What we decided to do was to expand our view of what the underlying value of an asset was from the simple snapshot of how much free cash flow is generating at a point in time to a point of view around within the first two years of our ownership, what is the pr…”
Charlesbank requires checklist review before spending over 20 hours on deal ideas
“Within our origination and sourcing process, there's typically three stages. There's no real genius to how we stage gated them. It's really something pretty speculative anybody can work on, but it's a pretty small number of hours that we'll authorize for that.…”
Choe: Harvard built direct in-house investment teams while Yale selected external managers
“So in contrast with Yale, where David Swenson pioneered the use of third-party managers to generate performance and manager selection, and then also overweighting into alternatives, Harvard decided to construct Their portfolio with in-house investors, and so t…”