The Ledger

Every statement that passed quotation and attribution checks. Mix any filter with any other: certainty 1/5, debate potential 5/5, or both at once.

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why aren't all 109 resolved? a statement only gets an assessment when the public record can support or contradict it. opinions and what-ifs never can, and 0 checkable ones are still open, waiting for their date. predictions held up or didn't; assertions are supported or contradicted. on every card: ▮▮▮▮▮ certainty · ▮▮▮▮▮ debate potential. speakers are clickable

Prediction Didn’t hold up
McMaster: Apple faces margin pressure and negligible emerging market share
“I believe over time, Apple's even going to have products. You know, problems, because they're not going to be able to sustain these margins, and in these markets where Android is dominant, Apple's market share will be negligible. Right? As these markets contin…”
Kurt McMaster Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 15:43 a16z Podcast | Searching for Mobile's Third OS
Assertion Partly supported
Andreessen: The EU AI Act has largely killed AI development in Europe
“The EU passed this bill called the AI Act, I don't know, whatever, two years ago, and it basically has killed AI development, and, well, it's actually killed AI development in Europe to a large extent and then it even, it is so draconian that even, Even big Am…”
Marc Andreessen Jan 7, 2026 ▶ 37:11 Marc Andreessen's 2026 Outlook: AI Timelines, US vs. China, and The Price of AI
Assertion Supported
Rampell: Bay Area housing prices declined massively when priced in tech stocks
“There's a piece that we wrote a little while ago showing that the price of housing in the Bay Area has declined massively in the past 25 years. If you're like, no, no, it hasn't. It's gone off. If you price it in Apple stock and Google stock, right?”
Alex Rampell Nov 12, 2025 ▶ 2:56 Rocket Companies CEO: Here’s How to Fix the Housing Crisis
Assertion Partly supported
Torenberg: Apple's $55B annual China investment rivals the Marshall Plan
“I believe they said Apple invests fifty-five billion dollars a year in, in China. And I think the author said that's equivalent or maybe even bigger than the entirety of the Marshall Plan is, is just astronomical.”
Erik Torenberg Jun 18, 2025 ▶ 12:33 Former Microsoft Executive on Apple’s Hidden China Problem
Assertion Partly supported
Dixon: Major developers like Spotify refused to build for Apple Vision Pro
“No one, none of the major apps would build in the, in For Vision Pro because they're, you know, the Spotify's of the world because they'd been so screwed over.”
Chris Dixon Feb 28, 2024 ▶ 27:04 Future of Crypto, Blockchain & Web3 w/ Chris Dixon
Assertion Contradicted
Horowitz: Steve Jobs was fired from Apple for making products too expensive
“Steve Jobs got fired because he made the product too expensive.”
Ben Horowitz Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 18:41 a16z Podcast | New Upstarts in an Old Industry
Assertion Partly supported
Rachleff: Apple, Google, and Salesforce failed to succeed on original ideas
“None of their original ideas were the ideas on which they succeeded. So Apple, Google, you name the company, Salesforce, Hewlett Packard, none of them succeeded at their original idea, if you can believe that.”
Andy Rachleff Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 4:59 a16z Podcast | From Teaching Leadership to Being a Leader
Assertion Supported
Alex Rampell: Microsoft never restricted Windows software like Apple restricts iOS
“Microsoft, in my opinion, never really They never did the same amount of control. Like, they never said, hey, this software product cannot be downloaded onto your Windows PC.”
Alex Rampell Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 23:26 a16z Podcast | Fintech Revolution or Evolution?
Prediction Held up
Evans: Apple and Facebook will build full-stack VR while Google commoditizes hardware
“You'll have Apple and Facebook trying to do the full stack, and you'll have Google saying, well, we're going to provide the hard bit, and everything else will be a commodity around it.”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 24:30 a16z Podcast | Innovation vs. Invention at Google I/O
Assertion Supported
Rampell: Massachusetts banned residents from buying Apple's IPO
“Massachusetts banned their residents from buying into the IPO of Apple Computer.”
Alex Rampell Nov 21, 2025 ▶ 39:59 Robinhood CEO: Making Everyone An Owner
Assertion Supported
Andreessen: Apple's market cap is larger than the entire German stock market
“I think Apple's market cap is bigger than the entire market cap of the German stock market.”
Marc Andreessen Mar 13, 2024 ▶ 25:08 America Needs More Techno-Optimism, with Marc Andreessen and Tyler Cowen
Assertion Supported
Hicks: DoD R&D budget exceeds Alphabet, Apple, Meta, Microsoft combined
“It's more than what Alphabet, Apple, Meta, and Microsoft combined spent on R&D last year.”
Kathleen Hicks Mar 5, 2024 ▶ 4:16 Collaborative Disruption at DoD
Assertion Partly supported
Wozniak: The iPhone was conceptually designed as an iPod with phone features
“And then the iPhone was even better. And it was based on the iPod, not the reverse, not a phone. And we'll include an iPod more like it's an iPod, but you get a phone with it.”
Steve Wozniak Dec 27, 2022 ▶ 28:14 a16z Podcast: Best Clips of 2022
Assertion Supported
Wozniak: Memory to store a single song cost nearly $1M initially
“The amount of memory that would hold a song Haas. You know, we were back in the days of tape. It cost about a million dollars, a good fraction of a million dollars.”
Steve Wozniak Dec 27, 2022 ▶ 27:03 a16z Podcast: Best Clips of 2022
Assertion Partly supported
Safari Was Three Times Faster Than Internet Explorer at Launch
“And eventually Safari, as when it was released, it was three times faster than MSIE at loading web pages.”
Ken Kocienda Feb 24, 2019 ▶ 14:11 Inside the Apple Factory: Software Design in the Age of Steve Jobs
Assertion Supported
Sethi: Apple Health Records is built on acquired Glimpse technology
“Tanya used Glimpse, which is a former company. Apple acquired it in a transaction, and some of the health records that we see them releasing it to the world, Is some of that technology.”
Anil Sethi Jan 17, 2019 ▶ 13:36 a16z Podcast | Dark Data in Healthcare
Prediction Partly held up
Shankar: No major tech player will release consumer AR headsets before 2019
“Not to mention the consumer versions of these devices, whether Apple, Magic Leap, Hollins, none of the major AR players are releasing anything really until 2019 in terms of a consumer usable headset.”
Darshan Shankar Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 14:04 a16z Podcast | When Is VR's iPhone Moment?
Assertion Supported
Sinofsky: Apple's quarterly device sales match the entire global PC market
“And on a quarterly basis, Apple sells about the same number of, Apple sells the same number of devices as their RPCs sold.”
Steven Sinofsky Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 13:13 a16z Podcast | So Where Are We on the 'S-curve' for PC Devices?
Assertion Supported
Dixon: Apple is actively working on a VR product
“Apple. And we know Apple's working on something around this. I mean, we know just from the companies they bought and the people they've hired, but of course it's all mysterious as to what they're actually doing.”
Chris Dixon Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 12:21 a16z Podcast | Truce for Mobile, Battle for VR
Prediction Didn’t hold up
Evans predicts Apple VR and cars are two to four years away.
“The two big things that are next for Apple are on the one hand VR, or potentially AR, and then on the other hand cars. But just from looking at the state of the technology, but those are both basically two, three, four years away.”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 24:48 a16z Podcast | Apple and the Case of Invisible But Audible Innovation
Assertion Supported
Alex Rampell: Apple threatens Amazon with App Store removal over in-app purchases
“And Apple is saying, hey, you want to go buy this streaming video from Amazon? Uh-uh. Can't do it on an Apple phone. The Amazon app will not let you buy certain types of things because otherwise Apple would remove it from the app store.”
Alex Rampell Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 23:50 a16z Podcast | Fintech Revolution or Evolution?
Assertion Supported
Evans: Apple, Google, and Facebook Won Initial Mobile and Messaging Wars
“The smartphone wars are now over, or at least the first smartphone war is over, and Apple and Google both won in different ways, and the kind of the first messaging app wars are now mostly over, and Facebook mostly won in sort of various ways”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 1:33 a16z Podcast | The Year Mobile Began to Truly Dominate Tech
Assertion Partly supported
Evans: Apple Has 700-750 Million Active Devices and 66% App Revenue
“The Apple ecosystem has 700 to seven hundred and fifty million active devices at the moment, and it has two thirds of app store revenue, and it has roughly half of web traffic, so it has sufficient scale to attract developers.”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 20:02 a16z Podcast | What Comes After the Smartphone
Assertion Supported
Evans: Apple controls two-thirds to three-quarters of online tablet usage
“And then there is a market for like The post-PC replacement, which is what Apple and Samsung and everybody else is trying to play in, and Apple has like three-thirds, two-quarters has like two-quarters to two-thirds of that, and if you look at all the usage st…”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 15:05 a16z Podcast | Apple Has Lock on Luxury Smartphones, But Not Business of TV
Assertion Supported
Evans: Emerging Chinese smartphone makers are hurting Samsung, not Apple
“In precisely the period that you have half a dozen Chinese manufacturers coming into market with really good design and strong brand, which show me is only the most obvious, and what's happening is those guys are killing Samsung, they're not touching Apple at …”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 7:48 a16z Podcast | Mobile is Eating the World (and Apple is Gobbling Fastest)
Assertion Supported
Evans: Apple outsold Microsoft-Nokia's total handset volume in Q4 2014
“Apple sold more phones than Nokia. I mean, the Nokia, you know, this is still Microsoft, because Nokia did, Nokia Microsoft did ten million numis and forty million feature phones. Right. Apple did seventy-five million smartphones.”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 6:35 a16z Podcast | Mobile is Eating the World (and Apple is Gobbling Fastest)
Assertion Supported
Evans: Apple iPad captures 80% to 90% of total tablet usage
“The iPad share of tablet use is 80 to 90% on any kind of, or to the extent that anybody who has metrics specifically For iPad use, that is to say e-commerce sites or websites or, you know, anybody who's doing video or anyone who's actually selling anything see…”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 21:48 a16z Podcast | Mobile is Eating the World (and Apple is Gobbling Fastest)
Assertion Supported
Evans: iOS users spend four times more than Android users
“You have double the revenue on iOS for half the users, and so very roughly four times the spend.”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 1:41 a16z Podcast | The Micro and Macro of Mobile
Assertion Supported
Evans: Apple's iOS 8 extensions lagged behind Android by three years
“And so, you know, again, it's a bit like multitasking, that Apple is doing something that was on Android like three years earlier.”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 6:00 a16z Podcast | The Apple WWDC 2014 Deep Dive
Prediction Held up
Active Android devices will reach 2-3B; iOS will reach 700-900M
“And, you know, as things play out with the current dynamics, which aren't really going to change in the next two or three years, we will end up with seven, eight, nine hundred million iOS devices in use on Earth. It's probably about 500 now. And we'll end up w…”
Benedict Evans Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 3:21 a16z Podcast | Apple and Google Won the Mobile OS War, But a New War Has Already Begun
Prediction Held up
Rampell: Apple and Google will fully open their mobile wallet platforms
“Apple and Google need to open up their respective wallets, but I think they will, because Apple and Google, if they want to build a powerful position and actually truly have the mobile wallet not just be a payment type that has three credit cards in it, But ac…”
Alex Rampell Jul 16, 2017 ▶ 25:06 What Happens When Mobile (Really) Hits the Wallet
Assertion Partly supported
Horowitz: Apple was three weeks from bankruptcy when Steve Jobs returned
“When Steve Jobs came back to Apple, they were about three weeks away from bankruptcy”
Ben Horowitz Jul 16, 2017 ▶ 23:14 Culture and Revolution
Assertion Partly supported
Evans: The average Apple device generates 4x the app revenue of Android
“And then if you look at App Store revenue, you see that Apple devices contribute about two-thirds of all the revenue, and Android devices one-third. And that's even though there are at least twice as many Android devices in use as there are Apple devices. So t…”
Benedict Evans Jul 15, 2017 ▶ 13:53 Mobile Is Eating the World, 2015
Assertion Supported
Evans: Apple is overtaking the entire PC industry due to mobile scale
“And Apple, which is the minority player in the smartphone business, is now overtaking the entire PC industry, again, because of these kinds of scale effects.”
Benedict Evans Jul 15, 2017 ▶ 6:07 Mobile Is Eating the World, 2014
Assertion Supported
Evans: Combined GAFA revenues remain smaller than TV and advertising
“Even Google, Apple, Facebook, and Amazon combined there, or GAFA, as the telecoms industry tends to call them add up to less than TV business or advertising and are much, much smaller than mobile or proper, proper industries like cars or clothes.”
Benedict Evans Jul 15, 2017 ▶ 8:55 Mobile Is Eating the World, 2014
Assertion Supported
Evans: Big Tech produces more profits than the entire telecoms industry
“You have a pretty safe bet that Google, Meta, Amazon Microsoft, Apple produce more profits than the entire telecoms industry.”
Benedict Evans Jun 8, 2026 ▶ 56:37 The Economics of AI Usage and What's Next For SaaS | Benedict Evans on a16z
Assertion Contradicted
Rabois asserts Apple's profits exceed Google's total revenues
“Their profits are greater than like Google's revenues or something.”
Keith Rabois Oct 16, 2025 ▶ 26:02 Keith Rabois: Israel, OpenAI, Opendoor, and DOGE
Assertion Partly supported
Patel: Huawei surpassed Apple in TSMC orders and market share before bans
“Yeah, well, like, I mean, like, every other, like, Huawei's beat Apple, right? They passed Apple up in TSMC orders, they passed Apple up in phone market share not in the US, but, like, in many parts of the world. Before the bans came down, and then even now th…”
Dylan Patel Sep 22, 2025 ▶ 19:22 Dylan Patel on the AI Chip Race - NVIDIA, Intel & the US Government vs. China
Assertion Supported
Sinofsky: Apple sells more iPads than total US laptop volume
“They sell more iPads, you know, than the laptop run rate in the US.”
Steven Sinofsky Jun 18, 2025 ▶ 3:38 Former Microsoft Executive on Apple’s Hidden China Problem
Assertion Supported
Immerman: Google antitrust ruling proves default search deals were anti-competitive
“So earlier this year, Google was declared a monopoly. The court ruled that they're spending billions of dollars to phone manufacturers. In the case of Apple, tens of billions of dollars is monopolistic. It's anti-competitive and it's preventing their competito…”
Alex Immerman Dec 9, 2024 ▶ 1:29 The 2025 AI Search Race
Assertion Supported
Ismail: Tech winners like Apple and Google succeeded by becoming platforms
“Yahoo, BlackBerry, Nokia all failed to become platforms, right? Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon all successfully became platforms, and that business model basically carries you through because now you wire yourself into the infrastructure.”
Salim Ismail May 25, 2023 ▶ 12:56 The Rise of the Exponential Organization with Peter Diamandis and Salim Ismail
Assertion Partly supported
Krishnan: Apple Podcasts lacks algorithmic discovery mechanisms, making growth word-of-mouth
“If you look at the native podcast platform, say just Apple, there is no discovery mechanism. There is no algorithm, right? So it's really word of mouth.”
Sriram Krishnan Mar 20, 2023 ▶ 29:37 The Art and Science of Podcasting with Sriram and Aarthi
Prediction Held up
Evans: Consumers will soon pay Apple $100 a month for subscriptions
“You could probably, pretty soon you'll be able to pay Apple a hundred dollars a month in subscriptions.”
Benedict Evans Apr 1, 2019 ▶ 2:37 a16z Podcast | How Many Taps in the Apple (Plus) Tree?
Assertion Supported
Sinofsky: Apple has roughly 360 million worldwide subscribers
“And so one thing that's super interesting, just out of the gate, is Apple has three hundred and sixty million or so subscribers worldwide. That's a sort of a vanity number because it includes subscriptions to apps in the App Store, but because Apple gets a cut…”
Steven Sinofsky Apr 1, 2019 ▶ 1:30 a16z Podcast | How Many Taps in the Apple (Plus) Tree?
Assertion Partly supported
Evans: Apple has 800M iPhones and 500M weekly App Store visitors
“Except there's now eight hundred million iPhones and over a billion iOS devices, and I think Apple said five hundred million people open the App Store every week, and so 30% of those purchases has become a real number.”
Benedict Evans Apr 1, 2019 ▶ 5:30 a16z Podcast | How Many Taps in the Apple (Plus) Tree?
Assertion Supported
Apple Shipped Original iPhone App Icons at 57 Pixels Square
“The we determined that if you made a rectangle that was 57 pixels square, that pretty much everybody could tap it a hundred percent of the time. No matter where it was, again, since you were going quickly, you could tap it comfortably. And that, Number, he jus…”
Ken Kocienda Feb 24, 2019 ▶ 1:23:18 Inside the Apple Factory: Software Design in the Age of Steve Jobs
Assertion Supported
Apple Halted All iPhone App Work in 2005 for Software Keyboard
“Henri, who was the software engineering manager, called all of the engineers out in, out of our offices, into the hallway. We had a group meeting. Again, about two dozen people, probably even less than that, and said, okay, you all stop. Stop what you're doing…”
Ken Kocienda Feb 24, 2019 ▶ 33:12 Inside the Apple Factory: Software Design in the Age of Steve Jobs
Assertion Supported
Steve Jobs Mandated Software Keyboard to Free Screen Space for Apps
“His idea was that We want, we need a keyboard some of the time, but we certainly don't need it all of the time, and so the idea of the keyboard being in software is that it could get out of the way, it could go off the screen, and which would then turn, make t…”
Ken Kocienda Feb 24, 2019 ▶ 35:46 Inside the Apple Factory: Software Design in the Age of Steve Jobs
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