Jan 2, 2019 · 24m · a16z

a16z Podcast | Coding as Literacy

Chris Granger · 8m spoken Tracy Chow · 7m spoken Jamie Brandon · 2m spoken
0:00 / 0:00
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In this panel discussion recorded at Pinterest, software engineers Tracy Chow, Jamie Brandon, and Chris Granger explore the concept of 'coding as literacy,' examining how accessible programming tools and computational mental models can empower diverse domain experts to solve complex real-world problems.

How this conversation actually went

Every chapter scored 0–10 on four independent dynamics. Hover any point for the reasoning behind the score. How this is scored →

The host as informed peer 1.8 Guest teaching 5.5 Guest disagreement 1.3 The host pushing back 1.3
05100:0010:0020:000:48–5:53 · The host as informed peer 1/10 Panelists' Early Coding Experiences and Education The host facilitates conversation by asking the guests about their early experiences with programming. Chris Granger and Tracy Chow educate the host on fundamental early mental models like Logo and Seymour Papert's concept of bugs as learning tools rather than outright failures.5:53–10:45 · The host as informed peer 2/10 Defining Coding as Literacy and Mental Models Chris Granger politely reframes the host's concept of 'coding as literacy' by pointing out that Excel is the world's most popular programming language with 800M users. Jamie Brandon adds the concept of code as a mental prosthetic, re-educating the host on what software literacy actually means.10:45–15:48 · The host as informed peer 2/10 Deconstructing Software Complexity and Eve's Mission Tracy Chow uses an architectural/construction worker metaphor to explain software complexity, while Chris Granger explains the mismatch between computer-centric languages and human process modeling. The host gently probes whether people over-rely on software fixing everything, but maintains a standard interviewer role.15:48–22:11 · The host as informed peer 2/10 Gender Disparities in Tech and Educational Tools Tracy Chow provides historical background on how 1980s PC and video game marketing gendered technology towards boys, reducing female participation. The guests share educational philosophy while the host acts as an agreeable moderator.0:48–5:53 · Guest teaching 4/10 Panelists' Early Coding Experiences and Education The host facilitates conversation by asking the guests about their early experiences with programming. Chris Granger and Tracy Chow educate the host on fundamental early mental models like Logo and Seymour Papert's concept of bugs as learning tools rather than outright failures.5:53–10:45 · Guest teaching 7/10 Defining Coding as Literacy and Mental Models Chris Granger politely reframes the host's concept of 'coding as literacy' by pointing out that Excel is the world's most popular programming language with 800M users. Jamie Brandon adds the concept of code as a mental prosthetic, re-educating the host on what software literacy actually means.10:45–15:48 · Guest teaching 6/10 Deconstructing Software Complexity and Eve's Mission Tracy Chow uses an architectural/construction worker metaphor to explain software complexity, while Chris Granger explains the mismatch between computer-centric languages and human process modeling. The host gently probes whether people over-rely on software fixing everything, but maintains a standard interviewer role.15:48–22:11 · Guest teaching 5/10 Gender Disparities in Tech and Educational Tools Tracy Chow provides historical background on how 1980s PC and video game marketing gendered technology towards boys, reducing female participation. The guests share educational philosophy while the host acts as an agreeable moderator.0:48–5:53 · Guest disagreement 1/10 Panelists' Early Coding Experiences and Education The host facilitates conversation by asking the guests about their early experiences with programming. Chris Granger and Tracy Chow educate the host on fundamental early mental models like Logo and Seymour Papert's concept of bugs as learning tools rather than outright failures.5:53–10:45 · Guest disagreement 2/10 Defining Coding as Literacy and Mental Models Chris Granger politely reframes the host's concept of 'coding as literacy' by pointing out that Excel is the world's most popular programming language with 800M users. Jamie Brandon adds the concept of code as a mental prosthetic, re-educating the host on what software literacy actually means.10:45–15:48 · Guest disagreement 1/10 Deconstructing Software Complexity and Eve's Mission Tracy Chow uses an architectural/construction worker metaphor to explain software complexity, while Chris Granger explains the mismatch between computer-centric languages and human process modeling. The host gently probes whether people over-rely on software fixing everything, but maintains a standard interviewer role.15:48–22:11 · Guest disagreement 1/10 Gender Disparities in Tech and Educational Tools Tracy Chow provides historical background on how 1980s PC and video game marketing gendered technology towards boys, reducing female participation. The guests share educational philosophy while the host acts as an agreeable moderator.0:48–5:53 · The host pushing back 1/10 Panelists' Early Coding Experiences and Education The host facilitates conversation by asking the guests about their early experiences with programming. Chris Granger and Tracy Chow educate the host on fundamental early mental models like Logo and Seymour Papert's concept of bugs as learning tools rather than outright failures.5:53–10:45 · The host pushing back 1/10 Defining Coding as Literacy and Mental Models Chris Granger politely reframes the host's concept of 'coding as literacy' by pointing out that Excel is the world's most popular programming language with 800M users. Jamie Brandon adds the concept of code as a mental prosthetic, re-educating the host on what software literacy actually means.10:45–15:48 · The host pushing back 2/10 Deconstructing Software Complexity and Eve's Mission Tracy Chow uses an architectural/construction worker metaphor to explain software complexity, while Chris Granger explains the mismatch between computer-centric languages and human process modeling. The host gently probes whether people over-rely on software fixing everything, but maintains a standard interviewer role.15:48–22:11 · The host pushing back 1/10 Gender Disparities in Tech and Educational Tools Tracy Chow provides historical background on how 1980s PC and video game marketing gendered technology towards boys, reducing female participation. The guests share educational philosophy while the host acts as an agreeable moderator.

speaking balance: gold is the host, purple is the guest (3 minute bins)

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Sharpest disagreement ▶ 7:58 Granger rejects 'everyone building apps' premise

In a very friendly episode, Granger offers the strongest reframe by countering the standard 'coding as literacy' narrative, asserting that literacy isn't about everyone making apps but leveraging tools like Excel.

Hardest push from the host ▶ 10:44 Host questions 'fix it in post' mindset

The host briefly challenges the guest panel on whether assuming software can solve every problem creates a dangerous lack of depth in understanding.

Biggest teaching moment ▶ 7:58 Granger explains Excel as primary programming language

Granger educates the room by pointing out that 800 million people use Excel as a programming language daily, expanding the definition of coding literacy far beyond traditional software engineering.

The host holds their own ▶ 15:00 Host connects Brandon's childhood frustration to Eve's philosophy

The host synthesizes Brandon's earlier anecdote about useless button-clicking to show an understanding of Eve's product goal of creating useful abstraction layers.

the scores for every segment, with the reasoning behind each
ChapterTopicThe host as informed peerGuest teachingGuest disagreementThe host pushing backWhy
Panelists' Early Coding Experiences and Education 1411 The host facilitates conversation by asking the guests about their early experiences with programming. Chris Granger and Tracy Chow educate the host on fundamental early mental models like Logo and Seymour Papert's concept of bugs as learning tools rather than outright failures.
Defining Coding as Literacy and Mental Models 2721 Chris Granger politely reframes the host's concept of 'coding as literacy' by pointing out that Excel is the world's most popular programming language with 800M users. Jamie Brandon adds the concept of code as a mental prosthetic, re-educating the host on what software literacy actually means.
Deconstructing Software Complexity and Eve's Mission 2612 Tracy Chow uses an architectural/construction worker metaphor to explain software complexity, while Chris Granger explains the mismatch between computer-centric languages and human process modeling. The host gently probes whether people over-rely on software fixing everything, but maintains a standard interviewer role.
Gender Disparities in Tech and Educational Tools 2511 Tracy Chow provides historical background on how 1980s PC and video game marketing gendered technology towards boys, reducing female participation. The guests share educational philosophy while the host acts as an agreeable moderator.

Statements from this episode (9)

Insight
Granger: Software bugs provide feedback on flawed thinking rather than signaling failure
“So you think about, like, when you get a wrong answer in, in a math class, right? You got it wrong, so you redo the problem. You just did it wrong, right? I mean, you do it right, or you do it as many times as you need to until you get it right. Whereas in sof…”
Chris Granger Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 5:29
Assertion Contradicted
Granger: Excel is the world's most popular programming language
“The most popular programming language in the world is Excel. It is programming just like everything else is. And Excel is used by eight hundred million people every single day, right?”
Chris Granger Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 8:12
Insight
Granger: Software literacy means automating work, not building apps
“It's not about everyone building apps, right? The new writing is not building an app. The new thing is about getting the computer to do work for you, whatever that may mean, right?”
Chris Granger Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 8:47
Insight
Chou: Software engineers must act as both architects and construction workers
“Building a software application is somewhat like building a physical building except that the software engineer also has to be a bit of an architect, as well as a construction worker.”
Tracy Chow Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 11:16
Insight
Granger: Programming languages model computer hardware rather than human processes
“We have this weird case right now where our languages, Python, pick any language, right? Is actually designed to model computer interaction, right? It's designed to model how computers work. Like, I'm gonna send TCP messages, and so on and so forth. But if you…”
Chris Granger Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 13:25
Assertion Supported
Chou: 1980s personal computer marketing shifted to target boys and men
“In the eighties, computers started to become more popular. They started to become this concept of like personal computers that people would actually bring to their homes, but they started to become more marketed as things for boys and men.”
Tracy Chow Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 16:35
Opinion
Granger: Turning everyone into software programmers is neither realistic nor desirable
“I don't know that it's realistic, though, that, or even desirable, right, that we end up with, you know, far more programmers than we end up with anything else.”
Chris Granger Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 22:04
Insight
Chou: Developers struggle to build products outside their lived experience
“Right now the population of software developers can't see those problems, and it's gonna have a hard time building out those solutions. It's not to say that people can't build apps for people who aren't themselves, it just takes a lot more work and a lot more …”
Tracy Chow Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 22:45
Prediction Not checkable as stated
Granger: Democratizing coding will shift software development away from consumer clones
“We're not gonna end up with just Airbnb clones and Pinterest clones, right, eventually we'll start to get very interesting applications that are designed, you know, I'm a biologist, I'm working on cancer, this is purely for solving, for helping me solve cancer…”
Chris Granger Jan 2, 2019 ▶ 23:49
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