The Ledger

Every statement that passed quotation and attribution checks. Mix any filter with any other: certainty 1/5, debate potential 5/5, or both at once.

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why aren't all 71 resolved? a statement only gets an assessment when the public record can support or contradict it. opinions and what-ifs never can, and 3 checkable ones are still open, waiting for their date. predictions held up or didn't; assertions are supported or contradicted. on every card: ▮▮▮▮▮ certainty · ▮▮▮▮▮ debate potential. speakers are clickable

Prediction Open · timeframe Sep 2030
Alex Schultz: A one-person startup reaching tens of millions is inevitable
“Instagram was seven people and got to tens of millions of active users. I don't see why there won't be the next Instagram that's one person and gets to tens of millions of active users. In fact, I think it's inevitable.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 22:54 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Opinion
Alex Schultz: Europe is not in the global AI race
“Europe's not in the race right now. I mean, maybe it can find a way to be in the race, but I don't think it's in the race. You've got the US and China as the two groups that are leading in AI.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 29:53 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Contradicted
Alex Schultz admits Meta's Llama 4 missed the leading edge
“It's pretty clear Llama was not, like, Llama four wasn't leading edge where Llama three was. So, you know, our big release this year was not a slam dunk, but our big release last year was, and I'm pretty confident our next big release will be again.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 32:37 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Opinion
Schultz: Snap Cloned TikTok Despite Public Denials
“Faster than Snap, who also cloned and copied TikTok despite everything they've said about that.”
Alex Schultz Mar 7, 2023 ▶ 18:51 Meta CMO Alex Schultz: Competing Against TikTok & Snap; Why Reels Failed at First | E985 · 20VC with Harry Stebbings
Insight
Alex Schultz: Retention is the only metric that matters pre-product-market fit
“Metrics, pre-product market fit, I think the only metric you care about In consumer and SaaS is retention. Like, that's the only metric that you should care about, is do you create a product that people keep using?”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 6:23 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Disclosure
Alex Schultz: Meta is building a data center the size of Manhattan
“What we're doing in Louisiana, where we're building a data center the size of Manhattan”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 16:15 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Prediction Not checkable as stated
Alex Schultz: AI data center supply chain lags demand by 18 months
“I think on most of this it's like an 18 month lag till the system catches up with the demand.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 18:57 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Prediction Not checkable as stated
Alex Schultz: AI development will hit plateaus before reaching superintelligence
“I would be shocked if we didn't hit a plateau on the way, but yeah.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 26:31 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Disclosure
Alex Schultz: Meta supported Apple against UK government encryption backdoor demands
“That's why we came out in support of Apple. That's why other companies have come out in support of Apple in that situation. Despite the fact, as companies, we've had a lot of disagreements. We supported Apple in that.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 31:32 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Opinion
Alex Schultz: Meta may reconsider open-sourcing extreme AI capabilities
“We've said that when it gets to the cutting edge, like the absolute cutting edge, the bleeding edge, There, we don't think you should be necessarily releasing open source, and we'll think about that. So I think at the most extreme capabilities, I don't know th…”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 33:22 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Prediction Not checkable as stated
Alex Schultz: Creative spark will be the last trait AI automates
“The creative spark is probably the last thing that gets automated.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 34:24 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Insight
Alex Schultz: Humans using AI will replace workers, not AI itself
“Unless things get really weird, you're not going to be replaced by AI, you're going to be replaced by someone doing your job using AI.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 36:49 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Alex Schultz: Nike's massive shift to a digital-first strategy went horribly
“Nike did this massive transition to digital first, right? And it went horribly.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 40:35 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Partly supported
Alex Schultz: Meta shifted from a falling brand to a rising brand
“We've actually moved up tremendously in terms of brand sentiment. You think where we were five years ago, and think where we are today, people don't look at this stuff, obviously I do, and we were literally a falling brand, and now we're a rising brand.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 44:09 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Prediction Open · timeframe Sep 2030
Alex Schultz: Smartphones won't disappear because AI wearables need compute pucks
“I would be surprised if phones go away, because you're not going to put huge batteries into glasses or AirPods or a pendant or a brooch. And you're not going to do all the compute in something with a small battery, so you're going to want to have a lightweight…”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 47:55 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Prediction Not checkable as stated
Alex Schultz: AI engine optimization TAM will surpass the SEO market
“It should be a much bigger market because the agents are going to take actions. I mean, the agents are already taking actions for people. And so in a world where there are actually actions being taken at the endpoint, it's not just presenting a link to somebod…”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 49:18 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Opinion
Alex Schultz: Cryptocurrency still feels like a Ponzi scheme
“I never got crypto. I still don't get crypto... It still feels like a Ponzi scheme to me, which I know it makes me an old fogey, but I don't get it.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 53:43 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Alex Schultz: TikTok Shop struggles in the US and UK
“TikTok shops are successful outside of the US and UK. But they're actually not very successful in the US and UK. Huge in Southeast Asia.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 1:04:22 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
What-if
Schultz: Meta Moved Too Slowly on Product Rollouts and It Was My Fault
“Personally, I think we took too long, and if I went back and did it again, I would have moved a lot faster, which is weird for a meta executive to say, but I actually think we moved too slowly, and in many ways it was my fault.”
Alex Schultz Mar 7, 2023 ▶ 16:25 Meta CMO Alex Schultz: Competing Against TikTok & Snap; Why Reels Failed at First | E985 · 20VC with Harry Stebbings
Insight
Schultz: Being Second to Market Works if You Out-Innovate Later
“Personally, I think generally it's okay to be second, and we're totally fine being second. Catching up on the basics, and then trying to out-innovate. Like step, step, step. Like launch, catch up, overtake with innovation. I think is a very, very good model. Y…”
Alex Schultz Mar 7, 2023 ▶ 18:00 Meta CMO Alex Schultz: Competing Against TikTok & Snap; Why Reels Failed at First | E985 · 20VC with Harry Stebbings
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Schultz: Meta Achieved Higher Conversion and LTV by Lengthening User Flows
“There are flows where we made them longer. By giving people more targeting options where we got a higher conversion rate and a higher lifetime value. Whereas the growth standard is shorten the flow and take out steps.”
Alex Schultz Mar 7, 2023 ▶ 25:56 Meta CMO Alex Schultz: Competing Against TikTok & Snap; Why Reels Failed at First | E985 · 20VC with Harry Stebbings
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Schultz: Facebook App Confusion Damaged WhatsApp During Privacy Policy Update
“When we did the WhatsApp privacy policy and said, now your data will be shared with Facebook Inc. For the limited amount of data, which is shared just for analytics purposes with all the constraints, because WhatsApp is hyper private. Even in that case, people…”
Alex Schultz Mar 7, 2023 ▶ 32:40 Meta CMO Alex Schultz: Competing Against TikTok & Snap; Why Reels Failed at First | E985 · 20VC with Harry Stebbings
Insight
Schultz: Companies Should Celebrate Winning Outcomes Rather Than Product Shipping
“Shipping isn't the thing you celebrate. You celebrate succeeding, you don't celebrate shipping, and if you build a culture that only celebrates shipping, you don't build a culture that celebrates winning”
Alex Schultz Mar 7, 2023 ▶ 55:14 Meta CMO Alex Schultz: Competing Against TikTok & Snap; Why Reels Failed at First | E985 · 20VC with Harry Stebbings
Insight
Alex Schultz: All marketing is ultimately performance marketing
“Performance marketing is all marketing. So people make this distinction that you have brand marketing and performance, you have brand and direct response, and all marketing is performance marketing.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 43:39 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Opinion
Alex Schultz: Hiring a dedicated growth team at 50 employees is silly
“So many companies try and hire a growth team at, like, 50 employees, and it's just silly.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 12:07 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Alex Schultz: AI chatbot adoption fundamentally changes user search behavior
“When people are using those, their behavior in search changes dramatically.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 28:18 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Insight
Alex Schultz: Building for fully agentic AI yields a huge market opportunity
“If you're skating to a puck of, like, AI agents with full agentic behavior, even controlling computers, making full purchase decisions for consumers, that's a huge tam. If you play for where we are today, tiny tam. And also, probably you'll get steamrolled.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 50:52 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Supported
Alex Schultz: 70% of Meta engagement is un-followed AI recommendations
“So five years ago, we were 100% content shown to you based on people you follow, or accounts you follow. 100%. People don't understand, like, TikTok was tiny, it was the beginning of the pandemic, like, it was very early on, so let's say five and a half years …”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 51:46 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Alex Schultz: Microsoft leads major tech hyperscalers in quantum computing
“They're leading in quantum. We don't talk about quantum very much, but Microsoft is leading of the big players In quantum.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 56:13 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Opinion
Alex Schultz: Malign AI superintelligence is scarier than quantum computing
“There are ways for us to handle encryption being broken, not least quantum encryption. And so it's a much more solvable problem. Whereas If a malign AI superintelligence actually existed, that would be less solvable. So of the two, I'm more scared of AI.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 57:09 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Insight
Alex Schultz: Maximizing at-bats beats avoiding failure in the tech industry
“We're in a field where the number of runs you get for hitting a home run in baseball isn't one. If you slug it out of the stadium, you can make a million runs, not just one run. And so, at bats really matter. At bats really matter, and you don't want base hits…”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 1:05:05 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Supported
Schultz: Resurrections and Churn Drove Meta's Scaling, Not New Registrations
“When we implemented it, we thought it was registrations minus a bit of churn. What we didn't realize was that the churn number and the resurrection number were massively bigger than the registration number. And so we hadn't realized how big a lever Reducing ch…”
Alex Schultz Mar 7, 2023 ▶ 6:37 Meta CMO Alex Schultz: Competing Against TikTok & Snap; Why Reels Failed at First | E985 · 20VC with Harry Stebbings
Disclosure
Schultz: The First Version of Instagram Reels Hard Failed
“The first version of Reels failed. We tried to put it in the stories spot, like we tried to integrate it that way, it hard failed.”
Alex Schultz Mar 7, 2023 ▶ 18:34 Meta CMO Alex Schultz: Competing Against TikTok & Snap; Why Reels Failed at First | E985 · 20VC with Harry Stebbings
Disclosure
Schultz: Every Employee I Have Fired Was Ultimately Relieved
“I've never actually had a conversation, for example, where I fired someone where that person hasn't been relieved”
Alex Schultz Mar 7, 2023 ▶ 30:16 Meta CMO Alex Schultz: Competing Against TikTok & Snap; Why Reels Failed at First | E985 · 20VC with Harry Stebbings
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Schultz: Facebook Branding Prevented VR Innovations From Building Corporate Value
“All the innovative stuff that was going inside the company was really being blocked from flowing to the company brand. Because when people saw the company brand, they were so dominated by the name that defines social media that if we're doing something really …”
Alex Schultz Mar 7, 2023 ▶ 33:12 Meta CMO Alex Schultz: Competing Against TikTok & Snap; Why Reels Failed at First | E985 · 20VC with Harry Stebbings
Assertion Supported
Schultz: Meg Whitman Campaigned Against Gay Marriage in California
“Meg Whitman went and campaigned on banning gay marriage in California.”
Alex Schultz Mar 7, 2023 ▶ 46:09 Meta CMO Alex Schultz: Competing Against TikTok & Snap; Why Reels Failed at First | E985 · 20VC with Harry Stebbings
Assertion Supported
Schultz: Facebook Stopped Growing in 2007, Prompting Growth Team Creation
“We stopped growing in 22,007, and that's why we created the growth team.”
Alex Schultz Mar 7, 2023 ▶ 54:06 Meta CMO Alex Schultz: Competing Against TikTok & Snap; Why Reels Failed at First | E985 · 20VC with Harry Stebbings
Prediction Held up
Schultz: Meta Aims to Make Reels a Major Monetization Engine
“I think that we want to turn reels into a really major monetization engine, not just an engagement engine.”
Alex Schultz Mar 7, 2023 ▶ 56:13 Meta CMO Alex Schultz: Competing Against TikTok & Snap; Why Reels Failed at First | E985 · 20VC with Harry Stebbings
Insight
Alex Schultz: A company North Star is a goal, not a metric
“Well, the most important thing is the North Star is not a metric. So the North Star is your goal. Your goal is like, what are you trying to achieve?”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 4:26 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Insight
Alex Schultz: Tech employees naturally build products for power users
“The general company, in my experience, every company, whether you talk Amazon, whether you talk Google, whether you talk Meta, whether you talk Airbnb, they, as employees, tend to be power users of the product, and they, by nature, optimize for people like the…”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 8:49 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Supported
Alex Schultz: Less than 1% of Meta employees work on growth
“So across our nearly a 100,000 employees, we have less than one percent of the employees in the growth team.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 11:07 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Open · timeframe Sep 2026
Alex Schultz: Meta's AI sticker click targets increase ad CTR by 6%
“When advertisers take advantage of that, they get a six percent boost in click-through rate and a commensurate increase in conversion rate.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 39:49 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Supported
Alex Schultz: Coca-Cola shifted ad buying from mostly offline to mostly online
“Coke have changed from being vast majority offline, just I think five years ago, just before the pandemic, in terms of their ad buying, to vast majority online now ad buying.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 40:48 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Disclosure
Alex Schultz opposed Meta building audio rooms to compete with Clubhouse
“I didn't agree with us doing the audio rooms thing. At the same time we were sticking reels at the top of everything, we also stuck audio rooms at the top of everything. And audio rooms failed.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 54:19 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Supported
Alex Schultz: Meta click-to-messaging ads generate over $10 billion annually
“So click to messaging is north of a ten billion dollar business.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 57:30 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Supported
Alex Schultz: WhatsApp business verification revenue exceeds $1 billion annually
“And that's a north of a billion dollar business.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 59:59 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Assertion Partly supported
Alex Schultz: Meta spends less on marketing than its tech peers
“Apart from Apple, whose marketing is paid for by the carriers, we have the lowest percentage of operating income that we spend on the stuff, the media that we disclose in the XK”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 1:01:21 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
Prediction Not checkable as stated
Alex Schultz: Europe will be relatively weaker globally in five years
“Stronger on an absolute basis, weaker on a relative basis.”
Alex Schultz Sep 5, 2025 ▶ 1:06:02 20Growth: Meta CMO Alex Schultz on How All Founders Have to Change Their Marketing Playbook in a World of AI | Is AI Plateauing, What it Means if China Wins the AI Race and Why Zuck is a Generational Leader
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