The Ledger

Every statement that passed quotation and attribution checks. Mix any filter with any other: certainty 1/5, debate potential 5/5, or both at once.

clear all ✕

why aren't all 17 resolved? a statement only gets an assessment when the public record can support or contradict it. opinions and what-ifs never can, and 0 checkable ones are still open, waiting for their date. predictions held up or didn't; assertions are supported or contradicted. on every card: ▮▮▮▮▮ certainty · ▮▮▮▮▮ debate potential. speakers are clickable

Insight
Wang: Graphical BI tools degenerate into useless complexity compared to code
“Point-and-click graphical tools are really very impoverished when it comes to expressing the full plethora of opportunities and possibilities. And what we, in fact, see is a lot of the graphical tools for, you know, advanced BI++ kinds of tools, they ultimatel…”
Peter Wang Oct 25, 2019 ▶ 6:59 Data Science Is A Literacy, Not A Job // Peter Wang, Anaconda (FirstMark's Data Driven NYC)
Prediction Not checkable as stated
In 2012, Papaioannou predicted easy data tools for non-programmers by 2019
“And I think it's going to take us, like I said, five to seven years until we get to the point where you don't have to be a programmer who understands Python or R or, you know, pick your favorite, you know, language. So actually go and get that insight.”
Todd Papaioannou Dec 5, 2013 ▶ 41:16 Panel: Continuuity, Sailthru and Visual Revenue // Data Driven NYC #7 // June 2012
Assertion Not checkable as stated
A complete modern LLM takes only 200 to 300 lines of Python
“You have this code this code to build a complete large language model that can train on a large data set and learn to speak, runs on GPUs yes, eventually is trained with RL and tool calls. That entire set of code, probably two to 300 lines of Python code.”
Zico Kolter May 7, 2026 ▶ 1:13:46 OpenAI Board Member Zico Kolter: Modern AI Is Just 200 Lines of Code
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Over 90% of Python tabular data passes through Pandas
“I'd say, you know, nine, more than 90% of the data that's coming into structured data processing in, in the Python ecosystem, tabular data processing is passing through pandas at some point at some point in its lifetime.”
Wes McKinney Feb 1, 2021 ▶ 0:46 Fireside Chat: Wes McKinney (Founder & CEO, Ursa Computing) with Matt Turck (Partner, FirstMark)
Assertion Supported
Howard: FastHTML enables rich web applications in a single Python file
“So we created this thing called fast HTML, which brings all these ideas together. And lets you create arbitrarily rich, sophisticated web applications in a single Python file.”
Jeremy Howard May 15, 2025 ▶ 47:41 Jeremy Howard on Building 5,000 AI Products with 14 People (Answer AI Deep-Dive)
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Wang: Python is one of the few programming languages designed for teaching
“One of the things that's really interesting about Python as a language is that it is actually one of the very few languages in the world that has a history or a pedigree, a legacy of being developed with the intent of being taught.”
Peter Wang Oct 25, 2019 ▶ 8:39 Data Science Is A Literacy, Not A Job // Peter Wang, Anaconda (FirstMark's Data Driven NYC)
Insight
Stancil: Technical data skills are learnable, analytical thinking is harder to teach
“They're gonna need SQL skills, they're gonna, they might need Python or R skills, they'll need something like Excel but those things are learnable, whereas I think, like, the way of thinking is often harder to teach.”
Benn Stancil May 13, 2019 ▶ 18:24 The Case for Hiring More Analysts // Benn Stancil, Mode (FirstMark's Data Driven NYC)
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Kandel: Hand-coding tools remain the most common data preparation method
“So probably still today the most common is using kind of hand coding tools so programming languages, Python, Spark SAS and so on.”
Sean Kandel Jul 13, 2017 ▶ 6:41 Three Loops of Analytics Efficiency // Sean Kandel, Trifacta (FirstMark's Data Driven)
Assertion Supported
Kaiser: GPT-V Pro solves dot puzzles by running Python code loops
“The GPT-V Pro will run Python code to extract these dots from an image, and then it will count them in a loop.”
Łukasz Kaiser Nov 26, 2025 ▶ 50:08 What’s Next for AI? OpenAI’s Łukasz Kaiser (Transformer Co-Author)
Disclosure
Sisense plans to integrate Python and R into a notebook interface
“Coming soon, we will also integrate the rest of the notebook like experience, being able to put Python and R within the experience and instantly get your insights.”
Ashley Kramer Nov 1, 2020 ▶ 25:40 Fireside Chat: Ashley Kramer (CMO & CPO, Sisense) with Matt Turck (Partner, FirstMark)
Disclosure
Shopify transitioned its ETL platform from Ruby to Python around 2013-2014
“Shopify, the application is still Ruby on Rails, and actually the first version of ETL tooling that was built in house was Ruby, but I think we made this decision of moving to Python around 20 13, 20 14, because we thought it's the language that most of the co…”
Solmaz Shahalizadeh Jun 12, 2019 ▶ 9:09 Fireside Chat: Solmaz Shahalizadeh, VP of Data Science & Engineering at Shopify (Data Driven NYC)
Assertion Supported
The name Jupyter pays homage to Julia, Python, and R
“In fact, the name Jupiter pays homage to these three languages, Julia, Python, and R.”
Jason Grout Feb 3, 2017 ▶ 5:45 Project Jupyter // Jason Grout & Sylvain Corlay, Bloomberg (FirstMark's Data Driven)
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Instacart's data stack relies on Postgres, AWS Redshift, Python, and R
“All of our production data is in Postgres, and we will read from the secondaries in AWS. We push all of the Postgres data into Redshift and do a lot of more intensive batch computations off of Redshift. The data science teams are using either Python or R we do…”
Jeremy Stanley Sep 30, 2016 ▶ 17:10 Making On-Demand Delivery Profitable // Jeremy Stanley, Instacart (Data Driven NYC / FirstMark)
Disclosure
AXA converts younger actuaries into internal data science roles
“What we found is that, quite frankly, we had some data scientists essentially within our midst, and so the actuaries that we had within our organizations, especially some of the younger ones, it was a very nice conversion for them to be able to pick up R codin…”
Louis DiModugno May 23, 2016 ▶ 2:59 Big Data in Insurance // Louis DiModugno, Chief Data Officer at AXA US [FirstMark's Data Driven]
Disclosure
Rent the Runway's 2014 open source stack: MySQL, Mongo, Redis, and R
“Our entire transactional stuff is, is, is on MySQL. We use Mongo for a product catalog. We use Redis to serve recommendations. We use R to do the matrix factorization. Should I touch everything? I think I did. We use tons of Python scripts for parsing the revi…”
Vijay Subramanian Mar 3, 2014 ▶ 17:39 Vijay Subramanian, Rent the Runway // Data Driven NYC 23 // January 2014
Disclosure
Hilary Mason: Bitly's real-time stack relies on C, Python, and Redis
“A lot of our stuff is homegrown, unfortunately. A lot of it's written in C. The rest is in Python. We use Redis quite a lot as a data store.”
Hilary Mason Dec 5, 2013 ▶ 20:58 Hilary Mason, Bitly // Data Driven NYC #3 // Feb 2012
Disclosure
Bernhardsson: Modal containerizes Python code to scale execution to thousands of GPUs
“Modal makes it easy to build, scale and deploy applications in the data, AI, machine learning realm. So, so we basically, you can think of as like, we take, you write a little bit of Python code, and we take that code, we stick it in a container, we execute th…”
Erik Bernhardsson Oct 31, 2024 ▶ 1:51 Can AI Infrastructure Work Like Magic? Erik Bernhardsson, CEO, Modal
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