Ludwig: Physical AI faces strict real-time constraints that digital LLMs avoid
Peter Ludwig · Why Physical AI Is the Next Frontier | The a16z Show · Jul 21, 2026 · at 1:04:46
Peter Ludwig, co-founder of Applied Intuition, contrasts the real-time physical constraints of robotics software with frontier AI research labs.
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“I like to say that the labs, they have it easy because they can make models that are trillions of parameters, and those models can be super slow, and that's fine, but we don't have that luxury in physical AI, right? We deal in real time, like the actual, actual clock real time, and so we have so many milliseconds before we have to do something, and those performance constraints, they actually constrain the problem in a lot of ways.”
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