The Ledger
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Chia: Shard granularity is exceptionally difficult to alter post-implementation
“Once you shard by a certain level of granularity, it's very hard to redesign your system to try and think about it a different way.”
Daniel Chia: Sharding database tables purely by entity keys risks giant hot shards
“The problem here is that, you know, one day you're going to get some singer that's so popular and so prolific and has so many songs that That one singer shard is gonna be huge, and then you are kind of in trouble, right? You either need to do a lot of special …”
Daniel Chia: Row-based sharding can outperform dynamic range sharding for uniformly random workloads
“In fact, this is a case where one of the earlier methods of sharding just by row would potentially work better, because if your incoming new workload is just randomly Distributed across rows perfectly. It will distribute across all the shards very well.”
Chia: Location services allow dynamic database sharding over hardcoding
“The really nice thing about having a location service is that you can adaptively change your shards rather than having to hard code it upfront.”
Daniel Chia: Dynamic sharding systems struggle to quickly adapt to sudden workload shifts
“One of the biggest problems you can face with a dynamic sharding system is that it takes a while for us to adapt to your workload.”
Algorithmic sharding on full primary keys degrades database query locality
“With every shard being on a side lead on a different row, sorry, every row being on a different shard, you end up needing to check all shards to answer this query, which kind of defies this prior, this criteria of locality that I talked about earlier.”