The Ledger
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Chia: Google Spanner eliminates operational differences between and within shards
“And in Spanner, it's a little bit nicer in that every shard behaves the same, and because we have technologies like, ah, two-phase commit, We are, you don't really have any difference between operating within a shard or across shards, but it's not always true …”
Google Spanner provides full SQL capabilities and transaction guarantees across shards
“Between shards, You still have full transaction guarantees and full SQL capabilities. In a lot of SQL sharding schemes, you, within charts, you have full SQL capabilities, but across charts, there's no such thing.”
Google Spanner handles petabytes of data and tens of millions of QPS
“The mission critical database for Google, it supports hundreds of Google applications, including Google AdWords and Google Play, and we manage, you know, petabytes of data and have tens of millions of QPS every day.”
Google Spanner synchronously replicates data across data centers using Paxos
“What's special about Spanner is that it's able to synchronously replicate data between different data centers using algorithms such as Paxos and two-phase commit.”
Chia: Google Spanner uses TrueTime technology to assign global timestamps
“We use this technology called TrueTime, which allows us to get an estimate of what is the exact accurate time anywhere in the world to assign a unique timestamp to every transaction that Spanner processes.”
Chia: Spanner provides external consistency for concurrent transactions
“This allows us to offer developers a consistency model called external consistency, where even though Spanner might be processing hundreds of transactions concurrently they all appear to have committed In serial order according to their timestamp.”
Chia: All Spanner RPCs address specific data rather than machine names
“All RPCs in Spanner are addressed to specific pieces of data rather than the machine name.”
Google Spanner provides ACID transactions and SQL semantics
“Well, Spanner is Google's relational database. It has asset semantics and SQL, sorry, asset transactions and SQL semantics.”
Chia: Google Spanner automatically merges shards when read traffic normalizes
“When the reload goes back to normal, We can then eventually remove these shard points that we added earlier, and this is a natural way of the system cleaning up itself so that we then shrink back the number of shards to reduce both unnecessary shards and also …”