India

18 statements across 8 episodes · 3 bullish · 4 bearish · 8 people on the record · first statement Oct 19, 2023 by Gina Gotthilf · said 87 times in 33 episodes since 2022 · across every show →

Mentions by year

brought up most by Lenny Rachitsky (16), Anuj Rathi (14), Gina Gotthilf (7), Shreyas Doshi (4), Aarthi Ramamurthy (4), Kevin Aluwi (3), John Cutler (3), Bangaly Kaba (3)

tap a year for its mentions
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010202022202320242025episodes it came up in
002104202022202320242025episodesmentions per episode
2025 10 mentions in 8 episodes 1 per episode
2024 7 mentions in 4 episodes 2 per episode
2023 61 mentions in 16 episodes 4 per episode
2022 9 mentions in 5 episodes 2 per episode

every mention, scene by scene, with the transcript →

Everything said about India, oldest first

Oct 19, 2023
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Gotthilf: Duolingo's India launch mistakenly offered foreign languages instead of English
“We launched Duolingo in India and didn't realize, because we couldn't have unless we went there, which we finally did, that most people set their phones, phone UI in India to English, because typing in Hindi is hard, and of course there's a lot of languages th…”
Gina Gotthilf Oct 19, 2023 ▶ 41:24 Scaling Duolingo, embracing failure, and insight into Latin America’s tech scene | Gina Gotthilf
Oct 19, 2023 bullish
Assertion Partly supported
Gotthilf: Tech is one-thirtieth of US GDP share in Latin America
“In terms of percentage of GDP that tech occupies compared to other markets, it's very promising. We're at like one third of India, one 10th of China, one 30th of the United States, meaning that, like, Tech companies can grow a lot so that they occupy that spac…”
Gina Gotthilf Oct 19, 2023 ▶ 9:02 Scaling Duolingo, embracing failure, and insight into Latin America’s tech scene | Gina Gotthilf
Dec 7, 2023 negative
Insight
Rathi: Early Indian tech leaders mistakenly treated software like predictable machinery
“I think in India, when we were in 2010, et cetera, even those different people who needed to come together to build, like say e-commerce they would come from, say, FMCG, or they would come from manufacturing, and so on. And what they would have seen in their j…”
Anuj Rathi Dec 7, 2023 ▶ 7:38 The full-stack PM | Anuj Rathi (Swiggy, Jupiter Money, Flipkart)
Dec 7, 2023
Insight
Rathi: Finding paying users in India is far harder than gaining engagement
“While there's a lot of people who are going to give you know, traffic and engagement and so on, but the craft of actually choosing the right kind of paying customer who will actually come and engage and give you money is, Is, is at a premium. So a lot harder w…”
Anuj Rathi Dec 7, 2023 ▶ 13:28 The full-stack PM | Anuj Rathi (Swiggy, Jupiter Money, Flipkart)
Dec 7, 2023 neutral
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Rathi: Before 2010, Indian tech built for foreign markets, not domestic consumers
“I think till about 2000 ten-ish there were not really many products built for the Indian consumers in the first place. Like, there were a lot of products being built, a lot of technology being built but largely because it was a back office, so you were, so you…”
Anuj Rathi Dec 7, 2023 ▶ 5:54 The full-stack PM | Anuj Rathi (Swiggy, Jupiter Money, Flipkart)
Dec 13, 2023 neutral
Assertion Supported
Duolingo discovered most Indian smartphone users set their phone UI to English
“We launched Duolingo in India and didn't realize, because we couldn't have unless we went there, which we finally did, that most people set their phones, phone UI in India to English.”
Gina Gotthilf Dec 13, 2023 ▶ 57:12 Failure
Mar 24, 2024
Insight
Kunal Shah: ARPU is fundamentally constrained by per capita income
“I think ARPU is a function of per capita income of a country, right? You cannot make a hundred dollars per user from a country for a product when their income is, let's say, 2500 dollars per year as an average for the whole country, right?”
Kunal Shah Mar 24, 2024 ▶ 23:36 Kunal Shah on winning in India, second-order thinking, the philosophy of startups, and more
Mar 24, 2024
Insight
Shah: Without hourly wages, consumers will not pay to save time
“So when you are not paid an hourly salary, the concept of time is not the same. And then the concept of time is not same. Paying for time is hard to do.”
Kunal Shah Mar 24, 2024 ▶ 26:48 Kunal Shah on winning in India, second-order thinking, the philosophy of startups, and more
Mar 24, 2024 neutral
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Kunal Shah: Startup layoffs in India trigger national news backlash
“India is not used to layoffs. Like startup world is used to layoffs, but in India, if you started through layoffs, it becomes the national news and all sorts of discussions happen over here.”
Kunal Shah Mar 24, 2024 ▶ 32:50 Kunal Shah on winning in India, second-order thinking, the philosophy of startups, and more
Mar 24, 2024 bearish
Assertion Not publicly verifiable
Shah: Meta makes no more than $3 to $4 per Indian user
“My guess is that Meta would not have more than three or four dollars per user per year monetization in India.”
Kunal Shah Mar 24, 2024 ▶ 24:17 Kunal Shah on winning in India, second-order thinking, the philosophy of startups, and more
Mar 24, 2024
Assertion Supported
Shah: India Is Likely the Only Market Where Men Outspend Women on Fashion
“And because we have a lower female participation of labor, India is probably the only market where female fashion spends is less than men's fashion spends.”
Kunal Shah Mar 24, 2024 ▶ 37:25 Kunal Shah on winning in India, second-order thinking, the philosophy of startups, and more
Mar 24, 2024 neutral
Assertion Supported
Rachitsky: Leading US tech and enterprise CEOs were born in India
“Today the CEOs of Microsoft, Alphabet, Adobe, which is a two hundred fifty billion dollar company, turns out, IBM, which is a hundred seventy billion dollar company, Palo Alto Networks, which is a hundred billion dollar company, even Starbucks, also a hundred …”
Lenny Rachitsky Mar 24, 2024 ▶ 11:07 Kunal Shah on winning in India, second-order thinking, the philosophy of startups, and more
Mar 24, 2024 neutral
Insight
Shah: Failing as a founder in India impairs arranged marriage prospects
“India still has large arranged marriage. And if you are a founder and a failed founder, your chances of getting a person to marry is still a hard thing to achieve.”
Kunal Shah Mar 24, 2024 ▶ 21:12 Kunal Shah on winning in India, second-order thinking, the philosophy of startups, and more
Apr 18, 2024 positive
Disclosure
Caldwell: Razorpay looked like a tiny TAM before Indian card usage exploded
“I was a, I funded Razorpay, which is I think the largest payment processor in India. And the TAM of that was tiny because no one was using credit cards in 2015 in India. So you had to believe that the size of the credit card industry in India would like a hund…”
Dalton Caldwell Apr 18, 2024 ▶ 30:02 Lessons from 1,000+ YC startups: Resilience, tar pit ideas, pivoting, more | Dalton Caldwell (YC)
May 26, 2024 neutral
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Facebook's ten most common names globally in 2014 were all Indian
“And we looked at the top 10 common names are Indian names. And like the most common name was Amit Kumar. And there was like 250,000 people a month who used Amit Kumar. Like who were like real people?”
Bangaly Kaba May 26, 2024 ▶ 1:28:46 Unorthodox frameworks for growing your product, career, and impact | Bangaly Kaba (YT, IG, FB)
May 26, 2024 negative
Insight
Kaba: Facebook's Identity Fields Failed in India Due to Western Bias
“Facebook at the time was very Western-centric. It probably still is. It is, it was like name, it was like school you went to, like job title, right? Like affiliations, that kind of stuff. That's all Western paradigm.”
Bangaly Kaba May 26, 2024 ▶ 1:27:57 Unorthodox frameworks for growing your product, career, and impact | Bangaly Kaba (YT, IG, FB)
Jun 2, 2024 bullish
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Brazil, India, and Indonesia are Canva's fastest-growing top-five markets
“Brazil, India, Indonesia, they're all in our top five markets, and they grow way faster than the US does.”
Cameron Adams Jun 2, 2024 ▶ 50:18 Inside Canva: Coaches not managers, giving away your Legos, and embracing AI | Cameron Adams
Dec 15, 2024 negative
Assertion Not checkable as stated
Duolingo discovered its literal flame metaphor did not resonate with Indian users
“We did some UXR in India many years ago, and this was something that just like did not resonate at all.”
Jackson Shuttleworth Dec 15, 2024 ▶ 41:53 Behind the product: Duolingo streaks | Jackson Shuttleworth (Group PM, Retention Team)
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